Patent actor-network formation from regional innovation to open innovation

The automotive industry faces the challenge of digital transformation at present, especially the autonomous vehicle. To explore the innovation links between different regional innovation systems, this study proposed a theoretical framework combining actor network, regional innovation and open innovation systems. Through the social network analysis and non-parametric test of patent data, the research findings show many significant differences between Europe and China. Finally, some suggestions are provided for strategy planning and policy implementation of open innovation

Automotive industry · Business · China · Economic geography · Economics · Industrial organization · Knowledge management · Open Innovation · Political science · Regional science · Social capital · Social network analysis · Sociology · Computer Science · Economic Growth and Productivity · Engineering · Innovation and Knowledge Management · Innovation Policy and RD · Marketing

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