Levels of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in University Students from Spain and Costa Rica during Periods of Confinement and Virtual Learning

Dados Bibliográficos

ID22045852
AutoresJosé Gijón Puerta (0000-0001-6324-1141, Universidad de Granada), Carmen Galván Malagón (0000-0002-6754-9167, Universidad de Extremadura), Meriem Khaled Gijón (0000-0001-9326-7422, Universidad de Granada), Emilio Jesús Lizarte Simón (0000-0002-9964-7271, Universidad de Granada, autor correspondente)
Ano2022
Volume12
Fascículo10
Páginas660
Data de publicação2022-09-28
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoEducation Sciences (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2227-7102 • E-ISSN: 2227-7102
EditoraMDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT)
DOI10.3390/educsci12100660
OpenAlexW4297522431
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas6
Referências citadas32

Mental health problems, specifically those related to stress, anxiety, and depression, have become more prevalent among college students compared to data available prior to the levels of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies have shown that in different geographical areas, there is a high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in university students compared to pre-pandemic levels. Thus, our objective was to establish self-perceived levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in university students earning an education degree at the University of Granada and the University of Costa Rica during periods of confinement and virtual learning associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The final study sample consisted of 942 students from both universities. Two questionnaires were administered: The state trait anxiety inventory and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale 21. Descriptive analyses, mean comparisons, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multivariate regression were performed. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and the effect size was analyzed using Cohen’s d. The results indicated that levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were mild or moderate despite the confinement and virtual learning associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Women had higher levels of anxiety than men, and singles had higher levels of anxiety than individuals in other family situations. Younger individuals had higher levels of stress and anxiety

Anxiety · Cronbach's alpha · DASS · Descriptive statistics · Disease · Mental health · Pandemic · Psychiatry · Psychometrics · Clinical Psychology · COVID-19 and Mental Health · Health and Lifestyle Studies · Medicine · Psychology · Stress and Burnout Research · Internal Medicine