Machine learning prediction of adolescent HIV testing services in Ethiopia

Dados Bibliográficos

ID22077273
AutoresMelsew Setegn Alie (0000-0001-9448-2204, Mizan Tepi University, autor correspondente), Yilkal Negesse (0000-0003-4751-3615, Debre Markos University)
Ano2024
Volume12
Páginas1341279-1341279
Data de publicação2024-03-15
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoFrontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565
EditoraFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpubh.2024.1341279
PMID38560439
OpenAlexW4392861172
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas45

Background: Despite endeavors to achieve the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 fast track targets established in 2014 for HIV prevention, progress has fallen short. Hence, it is imperative to identify factors that can serve as predictors of an adolescent's HIV status. This identification would enable the implementation of targeted screening interventions and the enhancement of healthcare services. Our primary objective was to identify these predictors to facilitate the improvement of HIV testing services for adolescents in Ethiopia. Methods: A study was conducted by utilizing eight different machine learning techniques to develop models using demographic and health data from 4,502 adolescent respondents. The dataset consisted of 31 variables and variable selection was done using different selection methods. To train and validate the models, the data was randomly split into 80% for training and validation, and 20% for testing. The algorithms were evaluated, and the one with the highest accuracy and mean f1 score was selected for further training using the most predictive variables. Results: The J48 decision tree algorithm has proven to be remarkably successful in accurately detecting HIV positivity, outperforming seven other algorithms with an impressive accuracy rate of 81.29% and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of 86.3%. The algorithm owes its success to its remarkable capability to identify crucial predictor features, with the top five being age, knowledge of HIV testing locations, age at first sexual encounter, recent sexual activity, and exposure to family planning. Interestingly, the model's performance witnessed a significant improvement when utilizing only twenty variables as opposed to including all variables. Conclusion: Our research findings indicate that the J48 decision tree algorithm, when combined with demographic and health-related data, is a highly effective tool for identifying potential predictors of HIV testing. This approach allows us to accurately predict which adolescents are at a high risk of infection, enabling the implementation of targeted screening strategies for early detection and intervention. To improve the testing status of adolescents in the country, we recommend considering demographic factors such as age, age at first sexual encounter, exposure to family planning, recent sexual activity, and other identified predictors

C4.5 algorithm · Decision tree · Environmental health · Family medicine · Feature selection · Machine learning · Naive Bayes classifier · Population · Predictive modelling · Psychological intervention · Random forest · Receiver operating characteristic · Reproductive health · Support vector machine · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · Computer Science · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions · Medicine · Mobile Health and mHealth Applications · Nursing · Artificial Intelligence