Flipped Learning in EFL Higher Education in Afghanistan

With increasing global integration of technology in education, flipped learning has emerged as an innovative pedagogical approach, particularly effective in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts where learner engagement is critical. This study conducts a systematic literature review of empirical studies published from 2015 to 2024, focusing on flipped learning's effectiveness and challenges in higher education. The review pays special attention to the context of Afghanistan, a country facing significant infrastructural, socio-political, and cultural challenges. Drawing on thematic content analysis, the review reveals that flipped learning enhances student motivation, participation, and language skills when properly supported. However, in Afghanistan, its implementation is hindered by unreliable internet, limited digital literacy, lack of teacher training, and deeply rooted traditional educational practices. The study concludes with recommendations for context-sensitive adaptations of flipped learning tailored to Afghanistan’s educational system. These include blended offline strategies, incremental faculty development, and institutional policy support, aiming to strengthen EFL instruction across Afghan universities

Flipped Classroom · Flipped learning · Mathematics education · MEDLINE · Pedagogy · Political science · Systematic review · Educational Innovations and Technology · Foreign Language Teaching Methods · Innovative Teaching Methods · Psychology

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• A critical review of flipped classroom challenges in K-12 education

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• Flipping the classroom for English language learners to foster active learning

  Hsiu-Ting Hung, Hsiu‐Ting Hung•Computer Assisted Language Learning•2015

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• The use of flipped classrooms in higher education

  Open Access•Jacqueline O'Flaherty, Craig Phillips•The Internet and Higher Education•2015

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• Afghan undergraduate students’ attitudes towards learning English

  Open Access•Sayeed Naqibullah Orfan, Jeroen Van De Weijer•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2020

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