Gender, Gender Ideology, and Animal Rights Advocacy

Research on women's preponderance among animal rights advocates explains it exclusively as a product of women's socialization, emphasizing a relational orientation of care and nurturing that extends to animals. The authors propose a more structural explanation: Women's experiences with structural oppression make them more disposed to egalitarian ideology, which creates concern for animal rights. Using data from a 1993 national sample, the authors find that an egalitarian gender ideology is a key difference in women's and men's routes to animal rights advocacy: It differentiates those more likely to endorse animal rights among women but not among men. Neither this ideology nor other variables in the analysis, however, account for women's greater overall support of animal rights in the combined sample. Reasons for this latter finding are explored

Animal rights · Ideology · Oppression · Political science · Politics · Socialization · Sociology · Environmental Education and Sustainability · Gender Studies · Law · Participatory Visual Research Methods · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology

• Gender, Views of Nature, and Support for Animal Rights

  Corwin R Kruse•Society and Animals•1999

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• Emerging Attitudes towards Nonhuman Animals among Spanish University Students

  Estela M Díaz, Estela Díaz Carmona•Society and Animals•2019

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• New Zealand Vegetarians

  Mandala White, Annie Potts•Society and Animals•2008

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• The Influence of Animal Advocacy Groups in State Courts of Last Resort

  Sarah Tauber•Society and Animals•2010

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• Tracing the Profile of Animal Rights Supporters

  Colin Jerolmack•Society and Animals•2003

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• Emotions and social movements

  Open Access•Jelisaveta Vukelić•Sociologija•2012

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• Intention to Oppose Animal Research

  Open Access•Ronald E Goldsmith, Ronald A Clark et al.•Social Behavior and Personality…•2006

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• Religion and Ideological Support for Social Movements

  Charles W Peek, Mark Konty et al.•Journal for the Scientific Study…•1997

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• Sociologie d’une forte proximité subjective au chat, au chien

  Open Access•Elisabeth Morand, Francois De Singly•Enfances Familles Générations•2019

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• Natural and unnatural

  Open Access•Monica Pivetti•New Genetics and Society•2007

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• Animal Welfare, National Identity and Social Change

  Open Access•G A María, Beatriz Mazas Gil et al.•Journal of Agricultural and…•2017

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• State Legislators’ Roll-Call Votes on Farm Animal Protection Bills

  Sarah Tauber•Society and Animals•2013

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• Doing animal welfare activism everyday

  Debbie Rodan, Jane Mummery•Continuum•2016

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• Examining U.S. pet ownership using the General Social Survey

  Jennifer W Applebaum, Chuck W Peek et al.•The Social Science Journal•2020

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• The Gender Gap in Environmental Concern

  Open Access•José Echavarren•Sex Roles•2023

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• Gender, relational role orientation, and affinity for animal rights

  Open Access•Charles W Peek, Charlotte Chorn Dunham et al.•Sex Roles•1997

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• Resolving the reality gap in farm regulation voting models

  Open Access•Kelsey A Hopkins, Melissa G S McKendree et al.•Food Policy•2022

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• Public perceptions of animal experimentation across Europe

  Open Access•Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten•Public Understanding of Science•2013

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• An overview of surveys on how people view animal experimentation

  Open Access•Joakim Hagelin, Hans-Erik Carlsson et al.•Public Understanding of Science•2003

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• Contemporary animal advocacy in Italy

  Open Access•Niccolò Bertuzzi•Modern Italy•2019

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• Manliness and the“Morality of Field Sports”

  Open Access•Rob Boddice•Historian•2008

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• Gender Differences in Human–Animal Interactions

  Harold A Herzog•Anthrozoös•2007

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• Mapping Perceptions of Animal Experimentation

  Open Access•Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten•Social Science Quarterly•2008

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• Pussy Panic' and Glass Elevators

  Fiona Probyn-Rapsey, Simon O’sullivan et al.•Australian Feminist Studies•2019

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• More Power to the Women

  Ruth Abbey•Australian Feminist Studies•2020

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• Animal Welfare Consciousness of Chinese College Students

  Open Access•Zu Shuxian, Shu-Xian Zu et al.•China Information•2005

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• The role of professionalization regarding female exploitation in the Nonhuman Animal rights movement

  Corey Lee Wrenn•Journal of Gender Studies•2015

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• Public Attitudes in India and Australia toward Elephants in Zoos

  Vivek Gurusamy, Andrew Tribe et al.•Anthrozoös•2015

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• Animal rights activists' representations of animals and animal rights

  Monica Pivetti•Anthrozoös•2005

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• Public Concern with Animal Well-Being

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• Gender, Class, and Social Movement Outcomes

  Open Access•R L Einwohner•Gender & Society•1999

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• Attitudes Toward Animals Among Spanish Primary School Children

  David José Menor-Campos, Roxanne Hawkins et al.•Anthrozoös•2019

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• Hard Choices

  Kathleen Gerson•Hard Choices•1986

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• Deceptive distinctions

  Cynthia Fuchs Epstein•Deceptive distinctions•1988

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• Value Orientations, Gender, and Environmental Concern

  Open Access•Paul C Stern, Thomas Dietz et al.•Environment and Behavior•1993

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• The animal rights crusade

  James M Jasper•The animal rights crusade•1992

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• Animal Rights and Feminist Theory

  J Donovan•Signs: Journal of Women in…•1990

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• Animal Liberation

  Peter Singer•Animal Rights•1973

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• Attitudes toward animal research

  Gordon G Gallop, Jason W Beckstead•American Psychologist•1988

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• Attitudes toward animal research

  Gordon G Gallop, Jason W Beckstead•American Psychologist•1988

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• Men, women, and the environment

  Paul Mohai•Society & Natural Resources•1992

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• Bringing Peace Home

  Open Access•Carol J Adams•Hypatia•1994

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• Feminism and Peace

  Open Access•Karen J Warren, Duane L Cady•Hypatia•1994

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• Fighting back

  Open Access•James M Jasper, Jane D Poulsen et al.•Sociological Forum•1993

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• The Case for Animal Research in Psychology

  Open Access•Elizabeth Baldwin•Journal of Social Issues•1993

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• The Movement Is My Life”

  Open Access•Harold A Herzog•Journal of Social Issues•1993

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• Class, Race, and Gender Discourse in the Ecofeminism/Deep Ecology Debate

  Ariel Salleh•Environmental Ethics•1993

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• In a different voice

  Carol Gilligan, Carol Gilliagan•In a Different Voice•1993

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• Gender and Jobs

  Christine E Bose, Peter H Rossi•American Sociological Review•1983

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• Rights of Animals, Perceptions of Science, and Political Activism

  Open Access•Wesley V Jamison, Wesley Jamison et al.•Science Technology & Human Values•1992

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• Cyborg and Ecofeminist Interventions

  Alaimo, Stacy Alaimo•Feminist Studies•1994

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• Maternal Thinking

  Sara Ruddick•Feminist Studies•1980

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• Gender, Sex Role Orientation, and Attitudes toward Animals

  Harold A Herzog, Nancy S Betchart et al.•Anthrozoös•1991

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• Caring for Kith and Kin

  Naomi Gerstel, K Gallagher et al.•Social Problems•1994

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• Boundaries, Negotiation, Consciousness

  Judith M Gerson, Kathy Pei et al.•Social Problems•1985

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• The Missing Feminist Revolution in Sociology

  Judith Stacey, Barrie Thorne•Social Problems•1985

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• Structure and Agency in Socialist-Feminist Theory

  Open Access•Amy Wharton, Amy S Wharton•Gender & Society•1991

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