The "Suryengalagan affair" of 1883 and its successors

In 1883 a conspiracy was formed in the Yogyakarta kraton. Reporting on it after its suppression, the Dutch Resident wrote: Both Javanese wars 1 began in this way... Diponegoro acted in the same way in 1825... and today too such tactics are not without chance of success... fanaticism and superstition are still two powerful motors in Java. Though the year 1830 has for long provided a distinct historiographical watershed, after which we hear no more of the aristocracy whose actions seemed so dominant before that date, but only of the fiats and factions of colonial government,2 it is nevertheless worth con sidering the implications of this conspiracy, the Suryengalagan affair, for the general question of aristocratic leadership. In a society where no middle class had emerged to lay claim to political preeminence, and no movement of intellectual renewal had as yet made itself widely felt, there was little challenge to traditional leadership; and it is interesting to note that though the Cilegon revolt ? the only late nineteenth century movement for which a detailed study is available ? is characterized by the distinguished scholar who has analysed it as a peasant revolt, here too both the old nobility and the traditional religious elite of the region played a significant leadership role in a movement which harnessed a wide range of social grievances (Sartorio 1966: chs. I-IV). The present paper attempts to draw from * Though complete acknowledgements would be out of place here, the author particularly wishes to thank P. B. R. Carey, who freely made available his own notes from the Jakarta archives, and generously assisted a colleague he has never met. He is, of course, in no way responsible for errors or opinions contained in the final version

Aristocracy (class · Colonialism · Elite · Fanaticism · Historiography · Nobility · Peasant · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Asian Studies and History · History · Law

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