Financing Self-Determination

The self-determination of American Indian communities has been federal Indian policy since 1975, when Congress enacted the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, Public Law 93-638. In sections two and three of the act, Congress stated its finding that federal domination of Indian affairs had deprived American Indians of leadership skills and had denied Indians an effective voice in planning and implementing programs. “True self-determination,’’ the Congress concluded, would depend upon an “educational process” which the act was intended to initiate. In initiating a new policy in Indian affairs, Congress stated its commitment to maintain the unique relationship which the United States has with Indian people, often expressed as the trust relationship.\nTitle I of the act, which was denoted the Indian Self-Determination Act, directed the Secretaries of the Interior and of Health, Education, and Welfare (now Health and Human Services) to contract with Indian tribes, at the tribes’ request, to plan, conduct, and administer programs provided to tribal members under the authority of the Snyder Act of 1921, the Wheeler-Howard Act of 1934, and the Transfer Act of 1954.2 In addition, Title I authorized grants for strengthening tribal government, for training personnel, and for planning

Business · Economic growth · Economics · Political science · Self-determination · Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights · Law

• American Indian Women of the Plains and Northern Woodlands

  Open Access•Annette Kuhlmann•Social Thought and Research•1992

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• The Road Not Taken

  Open Access•Alyce Adams, Alyce S Adams•American Indian Culture and…•2000

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• Promise of Welfare Reform

  Shanta Pandey, Eddie F Brown et al.•Journal of Poverty•1999

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• Organizing in the Context of Tribal Sovereignty

  Open Access•David Kamper•Labor Studies Journal•2006

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• The Impact of the American Indian Movement on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

  Philip D Roos, Philip Roos et al.•Phylon (1960•1980

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• The Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance Act of 1978

  Michael A Olivas•American Indian Law Review•1981

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• Title I of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975

  Russel Lawrence Barsh, Ronald L Trosper•American Indian Law Review•1975

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• The Indian Reorganization Act

  Lawrence C Kelly•Pacific Historical Review•1975

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• Africa View

  Open Access•Laurence M Hauptman•Historian•1986

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• American Indians, Time, and the Law

  Floyd A O''Neil, Floyd A O'Neil et al.•Western Historical Quarterly•1988

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• A Fifty-Year Perspective on the Indian Reorganization Act

  Open Access•Wilcomb E Washburn•American Anthropologist•1984

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