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Moving beyond the "male perpetrator, female victim" discourse in addressing sex and relationships for HIV prevention

Peer research in Eastern Zambia

Dados Bibliográficos

ID3972401
AutoresJo Heslop (University of London), Rabecca Banda (World Vision)
Ano2013
Volume21
Fascículo41
Páginas225-233
Data de publicação2013-01-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoReproductive Health Matters (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0968-8080 • E-ISSN: 1460-9576
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1016/s0968-8080(13)41697-x
PMID23684205
OpenAlexW1992508532
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas14
Referências citadas9

Despite the resources put into HIV education programmes with young people in sub-Saharan Africa in the past two decades, there is little clear evidence of impact. Many programmes continue to be oriented towards individual behaviour change (and in reality, often sexual abstinence) with insufficient focus on understanding how societies constrain or enable individual agency in sexual decision-making and how this is affected by social norms. If education programmes do address gender they often reinforce a “male perpetrator, female victim” discourse, where girls and women are held responsible for boys' and men's sexuality as well as their own. This paper discusses the discourses around gender, sexuality and HIV constructed by young women and men (aged 16–29) in a rural Eastern Zambia village. Data on young women's and men's narratives were gathered using a participatory peer approach. Research uncovered numerous and sometimes conflicting discourses (cultural, moral, economic, and sexual) influencing young women's and men's thinking about sexuality and sexual behaviour, in particular the limited possibilities for safe consensual sex, and thus their vulnerability to HIV. The research suggests that the realities young people face are much more complex than HIV prevention strategies address. We recommend a more nuanced approach, tailored to the community contexts involved.RésuméMalgré les ressources investies ces vingt dernières années dans les programmes d'éducation en matière de VIH pour les jeunes en Afrique subsaharienne, leur impact ne semble guère établi. Beaucoup de programmes demeurent orientés vers un changement de comportement individuel (et, en réalité, souvent l'abstinence sexuelle) et ne s'attachent pas suffisamment à comprendre comment les sociétés limitent ou autorisent la prise de décision sexuelle des individus et comment les normes sociales l'influencent. Si les programmes d'éducation abordent la sexospécificité, ils renforcent fréquemment un discours « un homme coupable, une femme victime », où les filles et les femmes sont jugées responsables de la sexualité des garçons et des hommes en plus de la leur. L'article analyse les discours autour de la sexospécificité, de la sexualité et du VIH construits par des jeunes femmes et hommes (âgés de 16 à 29 ans) dans un village de Zambie orientale. Les données sur les récits des jeunes femmes et hommes ont été recueillies par une approche participative reposant sur les pairs. La recherche a révélé des discours nombreux et souvent contradictoires (culturels, moraux, économiques et sexuels) influençant la pensée des jeunes femmes et hommes sur la sexualité et le comportement sexuel, en particulier les possibilités limitées de rapports sexuels consensuels sans risque, et donc leur vulnérabilité au VIH. La recherche semble montrer que les réalités que connaissent les jeunes sont beaucoup plus complexes que celles qui sont abordées par les stratégies de prévention du VIH. Nous recommandons une approche plus nuancée, adaptée aux contextes communautaires.ResumenPese a los recursos asignados a los programas de educación sobre VIH para jóvenes en Ãfrica subsahariana en las últimas dos décadas, existe muy poca evidencia concreta del impacto. Muchos programas continúan orientados hacia el cambio de comportamiento personal (y en realidad, a menudo abstinencia sexual) con insuficiente enfoque en entender cómo las sociedades limitan o permiten la autonomía de cada persona en su toma de decisiones sexuales y cómo las normas sociales la afectan. Si los programas educativos tratan asuntos de género, a menudo refuerzan el discurso de “perpetrador masculino y víctima femenina”, donde a las niñas y mujeres se les imputa la responsabilidad de la sexualidad tanto de niños y hombres como la suya. En este artículo se tratan los discursos sobre género, sexualidad y VIH formulados por mujeres y hombres jóvenes (de 16 a 29 años de edad) en un poblado rural del este de Zambia. Los datos sobre las narraciones de las y los jóvenes se recolectaron utilizando un enfoque participativo de pares. Las investigaciones revelaron numerosos y a veces incongruentes discursos (culturales, morales, económicos y sexuales), que influyen en lo que piensa la juventud sobre la sexualidad y el comportamiento sexual, en particular las limitadas posibilidades de tener sexo consensual seguro y, por ende, su vulnerabilidad a contraer VIH. Las investigaciones indican que las realidades enfrentadas por jóvenes son mucho más complejas que lo abordado en las estrategias de prevención del VIH. Recomendamos un enfoque más matizado, adaptado para cada contexto comunitario

Abstinence · Focus group · Human sexuality · Political science · Social science · Sociology · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · Gender Studies · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions · Psychology · Sex work and related issues

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Obras citantes distintas14
Citações por ano1,27
Intervalo de citações2015 - 2026 (12)
Velocidade de citaçãocurrent
Altamente citadoNão
Tipos de citaçãoNeutras: 14
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