Material Rhetoric

Spreading Stones and Showing Bones in the Study of Prehistory

Dados Bibliográficos

ID4516167
AutoresDavid Van Reybrouck (KU Leuven), Raf De Bont (0000-0002-2121-8047, KU Leuven), Jan Rock (University of Amsterdam)
Ano2009
Volume22
Fascículo2
Páginas195-216
Data de publicação2009-06-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoScience in Context (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0269-8897 • E-ISSN: 1474-0664
EditoraCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s0269889709002208
PMID19827370
OpenAlexW2081355344
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas6
Referências citadas17

ArgumentSince the linguistic turn, the role of rhetoric in the circulation and the popular representation of knowledge has been widely accepted in science studies. This article aims to analyze not a textual form of scientific rhetoric, but the crucial role of materiality in scientific debates. It introduces the concept ofmaterial rhetoricto understand the promotional regimes in which material objects play an essential argumentative role. It analyzes the phenomenon by looking at two students of prehistory from nineteenth-century Belgium.In the study of human prehistory and evolution, material data are either fairly abundant stone tools or very scarce fossil bones. These two types of material data stand for two different strategies in material rhetoric. In this article, the first strategy is exemplified by Aimé Rutot, who gathered great masses of eoliths (crudely chipped stones which he believed to be prehistoric tools). The second strategy is typified by the example of Julien Fraipont, who based his scientific career on only two Neanderthal skeletons. Rutot sent his "artifacts" to a very wide audience, while Fraipont showed his skeletons to only a few selected scholars. Unlike Rutot, however, Fraipont was able to monitor his audience's interpretation of the finds by means of personal contacts. What an archaeologist gains in reach, he or she apparently loses in control. In this article we argue that only those scholars who find the right balance between the extremes of reach and control will prove to be successful

Aesthetics · Archaeology · Art · Biology · Epistemology · Linguistics · Literature · Phenomenon · Political science · Politics · Prehistory · Rhetoric · Sociology · Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis · History · History of Science and Medicine · History of Science and Natural History · Law · Philosophy