Power Without Knowledge

Three Nineteenth Century Colonialisms in South Africa

Dados Bibliográficos

ID5797685
AutoresKeith Breckenridge (0000-0001-5023-6837, University of KwaZulu-Natal, autor correspondente)
Ano2008
Volume26
Fascículo1
Páginas3-30
Data de publicação2008-01-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoJournal of Natal and Zulu History (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0259-0123 • E-ISSN: 2521-8875
EditoraTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/02590123.2008.11964145
OpenAlexW1582086901
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas11
Referências citadas11

Over the last three decades, scholars of empire have established a very intimate connection between archival knowledge and colonial rule. The works of Franz Fanon on the psychological effects of colonial rule, Michel Foucault on discursive regimes of truth in the making of modernity, and Edward Said on the politics of European scholarly engagement with colonial cultures have underwritten a vast new literature on the intellectual motives of empire. As James Scott observed twenty-five years ago, modern colonialism exercised power as much "in paperwork as in rifles". The connections here between western knowledge, writing, record-keeping and racist over-rule are intimate. Humble grammarians, philologists and historians have been accorded new imperial significance in these accounts, many of which are preoccupied with the direct links between the politics of writing (and archiving) itself and European colonial supremacy. The great scope and power of these studies has tended to obscure a question that I would like to consider in this article: Was colonial over-rule possible without knowledge? Here my question is not simply whether colonial governments could function with faulty or uncomprehending informational systems, which the British in India evidently managed in the decades leading up to the Rebellion. Rather it is whether the acts of archival government-of gathering and preserving knowledge about the colony and its peoples, and documenting the practice of government-were a necessary part of imperialism in the nineteenth century. I want to make the case here that the nineteenth century history of south Africa shows that imperialism could function quite well without knowledge-at least of the kinds of knowledge regimes that Foucault and Said have studied so productively. In the Transvaal and in the Colony of Natal in the second half of the nineteenth century two explicitly illiberal, anti-utilitarian, undocumented governments were at work. I think, although I do not show it here, that in the making of the Union and Apartheid in the next century, each of these probably held more local influence over individuals (whites and blacks) than the rump of utilitarianism that remained in the Cape Colony

Ancient history · Archaeology · Colonialism · Empire · Epistemology · Government (linguistics · Indirect rule · Modernity · Political science · Politics · Power (physics · Relativism · Sociology · African history and culture studies · Anthropology · History · Law · Philosophy · South African History and Culture