Predictors and implications of accelerated cognitive aging

Aging is a major risk factor for both normal and pathological cognitive decline. However, individuals vary in their rate of age-related decline. We developed an easily interpretable composite measure of cognitive age, and related both the level of cognitive age and cognitive slope to sociodemographic, genetic, and disease indicators and examine its prediction of dementia transition. Using a sample of 19,594 participants from the Health and Retirement Study, cognitive age was derived from a set of performance tests administered at each wave. Our findings reveal different conclusions as they relate to levels versus slopes of cognitive age, with more pronounced differences by sex and race/ethnicity for absolute levels of cognitive decline rather than for rates of declines. We also find that both level and slope of cognitive age are inversely related to education, as well as increased for persons with APOE ε4 and/or diabetes. Finally, results show that the slope in cognitive age predicts subsequent dementia among non-demented older adults. Overall, our study suggests that this measure is applicable to cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on cognitive aging, decline, and dementia with the goal of better understanding individual differences in cognitive decline

Ageing · Cognition · Cognitive aging · Cognitive decline · Cognitive test · Dementia · Disease · Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance · Ethnic group · Health and Retirement Study · Psychiatry · Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research · Demography · Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging · Medicine · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Psychology · Gerontology

• Race Inequity in School Attendance Across the Jim Crow South and Its Implications for Black–White Disparities in Trajectories of Cognitive Function Among Older Adults

  Open Access•Katrina M Walsemann, Stephanie Ureña et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2022

  Incluir item

• Skill-learning variety and frequency on long-term cognitive performance in older adults

  Open Access•Leah Ferguson, Arash Mehrkesh et al.•Educational Gerontology•2026

  Incluir item

• Trends in Dementia Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality in the United States (2000–2016)

  Open Access•Mateo P Farina, Y S Zhang et al.•Journal of Aging and Health•2021

  Incluir item

• Cognition in context

  Open Access•Jennifer W Robinette, J D Boardman•Social Science & Medicine•2021

  Incluir item

• Plink

  Open Access•Shaun M Purcell, Shaun Purcell et al.•The American Journal of Human…•2007

  Incluir item

• Heterogeneity's Ruses

  James W Vaupel, Anatoli I Yashin•The American Statistician•1985

  Incluir item

• A new approach to the concept and computation of biological age

  Open Access•Petr Klemera, Stanislav Doubal•Mechanisms of Ageing and…•2006

  Incluir item

• Timing of onset of cognitive decline

  Open Access•Archana Singh-Manoux, Mika Kivimäki et al.•BMJ•2012

  Incluir item

• Trends in the prevalence and mortality of cognitive impairment in the United States

  Open Access•Kenneth M Langa, Eric B Larson et al.•Alzheimer's & Dementia•2008

  Incluir item

• Cohort Profile

  Amanda Sonnega, Jessica D Faul et al.•International Journal of…•2014

  Incluir item

• Age-associated cognitive decline

  Ian J Deary, Janie Corley et al.•British Medical Bulletin•2009

  Incluir item

• Modeling the Rate of Senescence

  M E Levine•The Journals of Gerontology…•2013

  Incluir item

• Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease

  Open Access•Rayne A Sperling, Reisa A Sperling et al.•Alzheimer's & Dementia•2011

  Incluir item

• A Comparison of the Prevalence of Dementia in the United States in 2000 and 2012

  Kenneth M Langa, Eric B Larson et al.•JAMA Internal Medicine•2017

  Incluir item

• Education, Wealth, and Cognitive Function in Later Life

  Kathleen A Cagney, Diane S Lauderdale•The Journals of Gerontology…•2002

  Incluir item

• Assessment of Cognition Using Surveys and Neuropsychological Assessment

  E M Crimmins, J K Kim et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2011

  Incluir item

• Cohort and life-course patterns in the relationship between education and health

  Open Access•Scott M Lynch•Demography•2003

  Incluir item

• Individual aging and mortality rate

  Anatoli I Yashin, Svetlana Ukraintseva et al.•Biodemography and Social Biology•2002

  Incluir item