Normative Inference Tickets

Dados Bibliográficos

ID6421989
AutoresJen Foster, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa (0000-0001-5433-7651, autor correspondente)
Ano2023
Volume22
Fascículo1
Páginas47-73
Data de publicação2023-09-22
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoEPISTÉMÈ (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 1976-9660 • E-ISSN: 1750-0117
EditoraCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/epi.2023.43
OpenAlexW4386960603
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas5
Referências citadas56

We argue that stereotypes associated with concepts like he-said–she-said , conspiracy theory , sexual harassment , and those expressed by paradigmatic slurs provide “normative inference tickets”: conceptual permissions to automatic, largely unreflective normative conclusions. These “mental shortcuts” are underwritten by associated stereotypes. Because stereotypes admit of exceptions, normative inference tickets are highly flexible and productive, but also liable to create serious epistemic and moral harms. Epistemically, many are unreliable, yielding false beliefs which resist counterexample; morally, many perpetuate bigotry and oppression. Still, some normative inference tickets, like some activated by sexual harassment , constitute genuine moral and hermeneutical advances. For example, our framework helps explain Miranda Fricker's notion of “hermeneutical lacunae”: what early victims of “sexual harassment” – as well as their harassers – lacked before the term was coined was a communal normative inference ticket – one that could take us, collectively, from “this is happening” to “this is wrong

Epistemology · Harassment · Inference · Normative · Sociology · Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics · Feminist Epistemology and Gender Studies · Philosophy · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social Psychology