The origin and contested meaning of freedom in the human right to science

Dados Bibliográficos

ID6426110
AutoresKatrin Kinzelbach (0000-0002-0974-5346, autor correspondente)
Ano2024
Volume14
Fascículo1
Páginas26-45
Data de publicação2024-10-25
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoGlobal Constitutionalism (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2045-3817 • E-ISSN: 2045-3825
EditoraCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s2045381724000121
OpenAlexW4403748427
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas4
Referências citadas16

This article traces how the ‘freedom indispensable for scientific research’ was introduced into the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The review of the drafting history covers ICESCR Article 15.3 and that of its precursor, Article 27 in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). It pays particular attention to arguments presented during negotiations over the UDHR (adopted in 1948), as well as over the ICESCR (adopted in 1966), and it reflects on observable norm entrepreneurship. Following the end of the Cold War, details on the right to science and the status of higher education personnel were further elaborated in soft law, notably in the form of two General Comments and two UNESCO Recommendations. These specifications and the earlier traveaux préparatoires reveal a multifaceted and rich debate about science, development, dignity and freedom at the United Nations, including positions that span variations of a liberal science script as well as persistent illiberal contestations

Covenant · Cultural rights · Declaration · Dignity · Epistemology · Human rights · International human rights law · Meaning (existential · Political science · Sociology · Human Rights and Development · International Human Rights and Reproductive Law · International Law and Human Rights · Law · Philosophy