Application of a Global Environmental Equity Index in Montreal

Diagnostic and Further Implications

Dados Bibliográficos

ID7634907
AutoresMathieu Carrier (0000-0002-8455-4566, Université de Montréal), Philippe Apparicio (0000-0001-6466-9342, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique), Yan Kestens (0000-0003-2619-5750, Université de Montréal), Anne-Marie Séguin, Anne‐marie Séguin (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique), Hien Pham (0000-0003-1710-4597), Hien N Pham (Université du Québec à Montréal), Dan L Crouse (0000-0002-8824-3108, University of New Brunswick), Dan Crouse, Jack Siemiatycki (0000-0002-9042-8582, Université de Montréal)
Ano2016
Volume106
Fascículo6
Páginas1268-1285
Data de publicação2016-11-01
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoAnnals of the American Association of Geographers (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2469-4452 • E-ISSN: 2469-4460
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/24694452.2016.1197766
OpenAlexW2460174137
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas13
Referências citadas105

Urban living environments are known to influence human well-being and health. The literature on environmental equity focuses especially on the distribution of nuisances and resources, which, because of the unequal spatial distribution of different social groups, leads to an increased exposure to risks or to less access to beneficial elements for certain populations. Little work has been done on the multidimensionality of different environmental burdens and the lack of resources in some urban environments. This article has two main objectives. The first objective is to construct an environmental equity index that takes into consideration seven components of the urban environment (traffic-related pollutants, proximity to major roads and highways, vegetation, access to parks, access to supermarkets, and the urban heat island effect). The second objective is to determine whether groups vulnerable to different nuisances—namely, individuals under fifteen years old and the elderly—and those who tend to be located in the most problematic areas according to the environmental justice literature (i.e., visible minorities and low-income populations) are affected by environmental inequities associated with the application of the composite index at the city block level. The results obtained by using four statistical techniques show that, on the Island of Montreal, low-income persons and, to a lesser extent, visible minorities are more frequently located in city blocks close to major roads and with higher concentrations of NO2 and less vegetation. Finally, the environmental equity index is significantly lower in areas with high concentrations of low-income populations in comparison with the wealthiest areas

Economics · Environmental health · Environmental justice · Environmental planning · Environmental protection · Geography · Political science · Social equality · Socioeconomics · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Environmental Justice and Health Disparities · Medicine · Urban Green Space and Health · Ecology

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