Enforcing European Privacy Regulations from Below

Transnational Fire Alarms and the General Data Protection Regulation

Dados Bibliográficos

ID7877936
AutoresWoojeong Jang (0000-0002-9159-5665, Government Department Georgetown University Washington, autor correspondente), Abraham L Newman (0000-0003-4105-1229, Government Department and School of Foreign Service Georgetown University 3600 N St #207 Washington DC 20007 USA, autor correspondente)
Ano2022
Volume60
Fascículo2
Páginas283-300
Data de publicação2022-03-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoJCMS Journal of Common Market Studies (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0021-9886 • E-ISSN: 1468-5965
EditoraWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/jcms.13215
OpenAlexW3171019900
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas5
Referências citadas54

The European Union is a global leader in data protection. Nevertheless, its efforts to shape market practice have been criticized as bureaucratic and lacking citizen participation. The adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has again stoked a heated implementation debate, focusing either on the law's complexity or its new enforcement sanctions. This article draws attention to a less explored provision, Article 80, which allows third parties including non‐governmental organizations to bring complaints for investigation. Empirically, the article demonstrates how NGOs are playing a bottom up role in transforming policy implementation. Theoretically, the article suggests that the legislation offers a novel governance tool – transnational fire alarms – in which third parties enhance accountability in the enforcement phase of the multilevel governance process. The article has implications for the evolution of privacy and data security within Europe as well as the interaction between transnational civil society and pan‐regional democracy

Accountability · Bureaucracy · Business · Corporate governance · Data Protection Act 1998 · Democracy · Enforcement · European union · General Data Protection Regulation · Information privacy · International trade · Law and economics · Law enforcement · Legislation · Multi-level governance · Political science · Politics · Sanctions · Sociology · Transnational governance · European Criminal Justice and Data Protection · German Security and Defense Policies · Law · Privacy, Security, and Data Protection · Public Administration