The contribution of the carpal bones to the assessment of skeletal age

The hand‐wrist radiographs of 64 boys and 63 girls were examined to determine the effect of the elimination of the carpal centers from those considered in estimating the skeletal age using the 1959 standards of Greulich and Pyle. The carpals were found to be a source of significant variable error in girls in repeated readings by individual observers. In addition, they lagged behind epiphyseal centers, relative to the standards. Based on these and other considerations it is recommended that they not be considered in assessing skeletal age. The presence of systematic errors within and between experienced observers casts doubt upon the accuracy of the Inspectional Technique itself in cases where precise assessments are needed

Bone age · Carpal bones · Radiography · Wrist · Anatomy · Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies · Mathematics · Medicine · Orthodontics · Surgery

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  Open Access•Alex F Roche•American Journal of Human Biology•1989

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  Open Access•Marjorie M C Lee•American Journal of Physical…•1971

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  Open Access•Francis E Johnston•American Journal of Physical…•1971

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  Open Access•Stanley M Garn, Christabel G Rohmann et al.•American Journal of Physical…•1967

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  Open Access•A F Roche, Jill M Johnson•American Journal of Physical…•1969

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  Open Access•Robert M Malina•American Journal of Physical…•1971

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• A Woodland 'Mummy' from Salts Cave, Kentucky

  Open Access•Louise M Robbins•American Antiquity•1971

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• Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist

  William Walter Greulich, William Greulich et al.•The American Journal of the…•1959

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  Richard A Bolt•American Journal of Public Health…•1938

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  Open Access•Stanley M Garn, Christabel G Rohmann•American Journal of Physical…•1959

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• Skeletal development of hand and wrist in finnish children

  Open Access•Kalevi Koski, Johannes Haataja et al.•American Journal of Physical…•1961

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