Women’s Microaggressions Scale (WoMenS)

A Comprehensive Sexism Scale

Dados Bibliográficos

ID8913262
AutoresElisa Miyake (Arizona State University), Lydia Harim Ahn (0000-0003-1001-031X, Arizona State University, autor correspondente), Alisia G T T Tran (0000-0002-3212-2315, Arizona State University), Annabelle L Atkin (0000-0002-5900-8723, Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA)
Ano2025
Volume53
Fascículo2
Páginas174-209
Data de publicação2025-01-10
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoThe Counseling Psychologist (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0011-0000 • E-ISSN: 1552-3861
EditoraSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/00110000241310135
OpenAlexW4406239380
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas52

Sexism is pervasive but often manifests as microaggressions against women, which are subtle, covert forms of gender discrimination. Thus, we developed the Women’s Microaggressions Scale (WoMenS) based on an existing theoretical taxonomy and content analysis of social media data. Two separate studies were conducted for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA supported an eight-factor, correlated structure and CFA supported a bifactor model, with eight specific factors and one general WoMenS factor. Overall, reliability and validity of the WoMenS were mostly supported in two samples. Specifically, the WoMenS subscales and body surveillance were positively correlated; the general WoMenS was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, body surveillance, and another measure of sexism but not life satisfaction. Furthermore, general WoMenS explained variance in anxiety and body surveillance above and beyond that explained by an existing sexism measure

Anxiety · Confirmatory factor analysis · Covert · Developmental psychology · Exploratory factor analysis · Population · Psychiatry · Psychometrics · Scale (ratio · Sociology · Structural equation modeling · Clinical Psychology · Demography · Gender Roles and Identity Studies · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology