Pride, Purdah, or Paychecks

Traveling from al-Minya, Egypt, north to Cairo by train in the mid-1980s, an observer could not help but notice the large numbers of women and children working in the lush agricultural plots adjacent to the railroad tracks. In fact, throughout the northern Sa⊂id and the Delta, too, women seemed to have taken over the fields. Furthermore, upon arriving at the Agriculture Ministry in Giza, a listener frequently overheard remarks referring to the “alarming” rise in the feminization of Egyptian agriculture. Yet Egyptian farm women have always lent a hand to agricultural production. So what, in recent years, has generated such a large-scale “invasion” of women into men's jobs? Particularly in light of the strict segregation of women from men, and their seclusion in the privacy of the home, what has brought about this public display of women

Agricultural productivity · Agriculture · Archaeology · Cartography · Christian ministry · Division of labour · Economic growth · Economics · Feminization (sociology · Geography · Notice · Political science · Pride · Scale (ratio · Seclusion · Socioeconomics · Sociology · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development · Gender Studies · History · Indian Economic and Social Development · Law · Psychology · Social and Economic Development in India

• The Rise of the Egyptian Middle Class

  Open Access•Relli Shechter•Rise of the Egyptian Middle Class•2018

  Incluir item

• Female mobility in India

  Paula Kantor•International Development…•2002

  Incluir item

• Rural workers and Egypt's national development

  James Toth•British Journal of Middle Eastern…•1994

  Incluir item

• Globalizing Rural Egypt

  Open Access•James Toth•Revue des mondes musulmans et de…•2005

  Incluir item

• Gender and spatial population mobility in Iran

  Open Access•Mohammad Hemmasi•Geoforum•1994

  Incluir item

• Measuring Women's Work in Developing Countries

  Open Access•Debra Anne Donahoe•Population and Development Review•1999

  Incluir item

• Husband and Wife Do It Together

  Open Access•Shanshan Du•American Anthropologist•2000

  Incluir item

• Women and men

  Ernestine Friedl•Women and men•1984

  Incluir item

• The Economics of Discrimination

  Gary S Becker•Economics of Discrimination•1971

  Incluir item

• Labor and Monopoly Capital

  D Tomich, Harry Braverman•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1976

  Incluir item

• Labor and Monopoly Capital

  Rebecca Jacoby•Telos•1976

  Incluir item

• The seasonal employment profile in Egyptian agriculture

  Bent Hansen, Mona El Tomy•The Journal of Development Studies•1965

  Incluir item

• Peasant Politics in Modern Egypt

  Nathan J Brown•Peasant Politics in Modern Egypt•1990

  Incluir item

• Migration, Mechanization, and Agricultural Labor Markets in Egypt

  Alan Richards, PHILIP L MARTIN•Migration, Mechanization, and…•2019

  Incluir item

• Generating Inequality

  Open Access•Lester C Thurow•Generating Inequality•1975

  Incluir item

• Woman's Role in Economic Development

  Ester Boserup, Su Fei Tan et al.•Woman's Role in Economic…•2013

  Incluir item

• Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour

  Open Access•W Arthur Lewis•Manchester School•1954

  Incluir item

• Interpreting the origins of gender inequality

  Open Access•Eleanor Leacock•Dialectical Anthropology•1983

  Incluir item

• Migration, mechanization, and agricultural labor markets in Egypt

  Open Access•Hadi Salehi Esfahani•Journal of Development Economics•1984

  Incluir item

• The political economy of income distribution in Egypt

  Open Access•Bent Hansen•Journal of Development Economics•1983

  Incluir item

• Women, work, and ideology in the third world

  Open Access•Fatma Isikdag•Women s Studies International Forum•1986

  Incluir item

• Manpower and Employment in Arab Countries

  Nazli Choucri•International Migration Review•1979

  Incluir item

• Women Working

  Patricia A Taylor, Ann M Stromberg et al.•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1978

  Incluir item

• Women in Nineteenth-Century Egypt

  Sharon Mcirvin Abu-Laban, Judith E Tucker•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1988

  Incluir item

• The Great Chinese Revolution, 1800-1985

  Donald S Zagoria, John King Fairbank et al.•Foreign Affairs•1986

  Incluir item

• Growth and Structural Change in the Egyptian Economy

  E R J Owen, Donald C Mead•Economica•1968

  Incluir item

• Equal Pay for Equal Work

  Millicent Garrett Fawcett•The Economic Journal•1918

  Incluir item

• Equal Pay to Men and Women for Equal Work

  F Y Edgeworth•The Economic Journal•1922

  Incluir item

• A N ote on t he D ivision of L abor by S ex 1

  Open Access•Judith K Brown•American Anthropologist•1970

  Incluir item

• Woman, Culture, and Society

  M Kay Martins, M Kay Martin et al.•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1976

  Incluir item

• The Economics of Discrimination

  Richard C Leonard, Richard Leonard et al.•The American Catholic Sociological…•1957

  Incluir item

• On the Purity of Women in the Castes of Ceylon and Malabar

  Nur Yalman•The Journal of the Royal…•1963

  Incluir item

• Internal Labor Markets and Manpower Analysis

  Judith Stoikov, Peter B Doeringer et al.•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1972

  Incluir item

• Women in Nineteenth-Century Egypt

  Christopher Clay, Judith E Tucker•The Economic History Review•1986

  Incluir item

• Employment Opportunities and Equity in Egypt

  Open Access•Ph F, Brooke Hansen et al.•Population•1984

  Incluir item

• Factors in the Division of Labor by Sex

  Open Access•George Peter Murdock, Caterina Provost•Ethnology•1973

  Incluir item

• Unseen Hands

  Lucie Wood Saunders, Sohair Mehenna•Anthropological Quarterly•1986

  Incluir item

• Women and the Family in the Middle East

  Unni Wikan, Elizabeth Warnock Fernea•Man•1988

  Incluir item

• Rural Politics and Social Change in the Middle East

  Paul Stirling, Richard T Antoun et al.•Man•1975

  Incluir item

• Women Working

  Arlene Kaplan Daniels, Ann H Stromberg et al.•Social Forces•1978

  Incluir item

• Women's Work

  Open Access•Christine Ward Gailey, Eleanor Leacock et al.•Anthropologica•1988

  Incluir item

• Veiling Infitah with Muslim Ethic

  Fadwa El Guindi•Social Problems•1981

  Incluir item

• A Model of the Sexual Division of Labor

  Open Access•Michael L Burton, Lilyan A Brudner et al.•American Ethnologist•1977

  Incluir item

• Sexual Division of Labor in Agriculture

  Open Access•Michael L Burton, Douglas R White•American Anthropologist•1984

  Incluir item

• The Relative Decline in Women's Contribution to Agriculture with Intensification

  Open Access•C R Ember•American Anthropologist•1983

  Incluir item

• Toward a Theory of the Status of Women1

  Open Access•Peggy Reeves Sanday•American Anthropologist•1973

  Incluir item

• On the Modesty of Women in Arab Muslim Villages

  Open Access•Richard T Antoun•American Anthropologist•1968

  Incluir item

• Purdah

  Open Access•Hanna Papanek•Comparative Studies in Society…•1973

  Incluir item