No Longer Complacent

Why did Israeli women not fight for social equality until the late 1980s? And what changed their individual and collective willingness to act? The paper maintains that social action to improve women’s positions in society did exist before the late 1980s but it was mostly not rebellious in the sense that it was not directed against men or the existing social order. The main factor behind the in[ action is the lack of feminist ideologies that affect and support gender identities. This kind of feminist gender identity was inhibited in Israel by the inter‐relations among three factors: (1) the lack of ideological pluralism, (2) the influence of traditional and religious beliefs, and (3) the effect of national, total, and masculine institutions (like the Israeli army). The same factors—or some combinations of these factors—may inhibit women’s activism in other societies as well

Action (physics · Affect (linguistics · Collective action · Epistemology · Ideology · Pluralism (philosophy · Political science · Politics · Social group · Social identity theory · Sociology · Gender Politics and Representation · Gender Studies · Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies · Law · Psychology · Social Psychology

• The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore, Anat Guy•Handbook of Ethnic Conflict•2012

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• Outcome Expectations in Prolonged Conflicts

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore, Salem Awei et al.•Sociological Inquiry•2003

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• Gender identity, nationalism, and social action among Jewish and Arab women in Isreal

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore•Gender Issues•2000

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• Self Perceptions and Social Misconceptions

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore•Sex Roles•2007

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• Intense engagement

  Open Access•Amalia Sa’ar, Sigal Gooldin•Women s Studies International Forum•2009

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• Intolerance of 'Others' among Palestinian and Jewish Students in Israel

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore•Sociological Inquiry•2000

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• Feminist identifications across the ethnic-national divide

  Amalia Sa’ar, Alisa C Lewin et al.•Ethnic and Racial Studies•2017

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• Feminist Generations

  Nancy Whittier•Feminist Generations•2010

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• Religion, the social context

  Meredith B Mcguire•Religion, the social context•1987

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• Zionism and territory

  Baruch Kimmerling•Zionism and territory•1983

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• Rachel's daughters

  Debra Renee Kaufman•Rachel's daughters•1991

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• Thinking about women

  Margaret L Andersen•Thinking about women•1983

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• New rules of sociological method

  Anthony Giddens•New rules of sociological method•1993

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• Human groups and social categories

  Henri Tajfel•Human groups and social categories•1981

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• Theory of collective behavior.

  Neil J Smelser•1963

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• The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior

  Henri Tajfel, John Turner et al.•Political Psychology•2004

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• Gender and Class Consciousness

  Open Access•Pauline Hunt•Gender and Class Consciousness•1980

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• A Short History of Sociological Thought

  Open Access•Alan Swingewood•A short history of sociological…•1984

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• Gender, Job and Family Conditions, and Psychological Symptoms

  Open Access•Diane L Hughes, Ellen Galinsky•Psychology of Women Quarterly•1994

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• Macro-Dynamics

  Open Access•Michael Lotan•International Sociology•1993

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• Identity Salience and Psychological Centrality

  Sheldon Stryker, Richard T Serpe•Social Psychology Quarterly•1994

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• Distinctiveness and the salience of social category memberships

  Open Access•Penélope J Oakes, Penelope Oakes et al.•European Journal of Social…•1986

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• Value Change in Industrial Societies

  Open Access•Ronald Inglehart, Scott C Flanagan•American Political Science Review•1987

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• Female Revolt

  Shirley Harke, Shirley Harkess et al.•Social Forces•1988

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• Premarital Sexual Behavior and Religious Adolescents

  James Timothy Woodroof•Journal for the Scientific Study…•1985

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• Dependence and Independence

  Open Access•J Baxter, Emily W Kane•Gender & Society•1995

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• Individual Strategies of Adopting Collective Identities

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore, Baruch Kimmerling•International Sociology•1995

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• Economic Development, Socio-Political Ideology and Women's Employment

  Open Access•Dahlia Moore•International Sociology•1992

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• Social Identities in Black and White

  Open Access•B Wellman•Sociological Inquiry•1971

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• Young White Adults

  Charlotte Steeh, Howard Schuman•American Journal of Sociology•1992

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