Fula Resistance to French Expansion into Futa Jallon 1889–1896

During the period of the European Scramble for Africa, many African rulers, conscious of the military superiority of the European Powers, resorted to the use of diplomacy in a desperate but ultimately unsuccessful attempt to maintain the independence of their dominions. This approach was demonstrated in Futa Jallon's resistance to French expansion. Among the methods of resistance used by the Alimamies of Futa were the rejection of the European version and interpretation of treaties, the grant of support to other African resistance movements, and the exploitation of Anglo-French rivalry. The Alimamies also exploited the lack of unity in French administrative organization in West Africa and the complexity of Futa's political constitution. Their resistance, marked by a considerable degree of duplicity, was facilitated by France's dependence on a policy of peaceful expansion towards Futa in contrast to its aggressive approach in many other areas of West Africa. Eventually, Fula resistance collapsed, largely because of the disintegration of the indigenous state, which enabled France to intervene and establish its authority over Futa with remarkable ease, using only a minimum of force

Constitution · Diplomacy · Economics · Economy · Extension (predicate logic · Independence (probability theory · Interpretation (philosophy · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Resistance (ecology · Rivalry · State (computer science · African history and culture analysis · African history and culture studies · African Studies and Ethnography · Computer Science · Law · Mathematics

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