Visceral Priorities

Liberal education seems to be making another comeback these days, although there seems to be less agreement than ever on just what it is. Herein are some thoughts that, while adding little to specifying what it is, may help in clarifying discussions about it. Education as originally conceived by the Greeks was the making of men, the training of men to make things [2]. It was a training for leisure, for a livelihood-the first and fairest thing that the best of men could have [12]. The Greeks used the word liberal to describe the conduct appropriate to a citizen. They regarded liberal education as the culture of the citizen in contrast to the uncultured vulgarity of the unfree, of the slave. Whereas the primary meaning of free was not a slave, the Socratic principle of self-control transferred the contrast between freedom and slavery to the inner moral world. It implied a new freedom: a spiritual freedom from the irrational drives of the baser self [5, 6, 7]. Following the ancient tradition, liberal education has often meant nothing more definitive than the ideal and liberating education suitable for men-as contrasted with men who are enslaved or otherwise preoccupied with earning a living. Although the ideal is widely esteemed, two millenia of accumulating knowledge have helped us to agree on a prescription. While the ancient topics may offer useful suggestions to us today, the quintessence of liberal education to us is its

Academic freedom · Aesthetics · Coercion (linguistics · Epistemology · Greeks · Higher education · Ideal (ethics · Liberal arts education · Liberal education · Meaning (existential · Nothing · Political science · Sociology · Socratic method · Classics · Diverse Education Studies and Reforms · History · Indian History and Philosophy · Law · Philosophy · Religious Education and Schools

• The Great Contest”

  Blair Justice, Benjamin Justice•American Journal of Education•2008

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• Assessing Undergraduates' Patterns of Credit Distribution

  Carol M Boyer, Andrew Ahlgren•The Journal of Higher Education•1987

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• Visceral Priorities” in Liberal Education

  Carol M Boyer, Andrew Ahlgren•The Journal of Higher Education•1982

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• John Henry Newman: The Idea of a University: Defined and Illustrated

  John Henry Newman, Ian T Ker•The idea of a university•1976

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• Science, Curriculum, and Liberal Education

  Joseph J Schwab, Ian Westbury et al.•Science, Curriculum, and Liberal…•1982

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• Paideia

  Werner Jaeger, Werner Wilhelm Jaeger•Paideia•1973

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• Ancient Education and Today

  Joseph Turner, J Hilton Turner et al.•The Classical World•1961

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• Doctrines of the Great Educators

  J P Tuck, Robert R Rusk et al.•British Journal of Educational…•1980

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• John Stuart Mill's Theory of Education

  John Wilson, F W Garforth•British Journal of Educational…•1980

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• The Practical

  Joseph J Schwab•The School Review•1969

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