On Drawing a Bright Line for Covert Operations

Dados Bibliográficos

ID9543201
AutoresLoch K Johnson (autor correspondente)
Ano1992
Volume86
Fascículo2
Páginas284-309
Data de publicação1992-04-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoAmerican Journal of International Law (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0002-9300 • E-ISSN: 2161-7953
EditoraCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2307/2203235
OpenAlexW2036461014
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas13

This analysis of covert operations, as conducted by Western intelligence services, explores the problem of assessing their effects on international order and comity. Despite a tendency of commentators to overlook this form of intervention, the topic is important; in contemporary global relations, covert acts of hostility between nations occur with a high rate of frequency. The study is organized into three sections. The first presents a “ladder of escalation” for covert operations, one based on a rising level of intrusion abroad as policy makers climb upward from low-risk to high-risk activities. The second section briefly surveys leading ethical, philosophical and practical issues involved in trying to evaluate the effects of secret intelligence activities. And the third section offers a set of guidelines for evaluating the propriety of proposed covert operations

Comity · Computer security · Countermeasure · Covert · Hostility · Intelligence analysis · Jurisdiction · Linguistics · Political science · Public relations · Section (typography · Set (abstract data type · Computer Science · Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies · Engineering · Global Peace and Security Dynamics · Intelligence, Security, War Strategy · Law · Psychology · Social Psychology