Emergent Principles for the Design, Implementation, and Analysis of Cluster-Based Experiments in Social Science

Dados Bibliográficos

ID9756724
AutoresThomas D Cook (0000-0002-3428-4852, Northwestern University, autor correspondente)
Ano2005
Volume599
Fascículo1
Páginas176-198
Data de publicação2005-05-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoThe Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0002-7162 • E-ISSN: 1552-3349
EditoraSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/0002716205275738
OpenAlexW2076169260
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas12
Referências citadas15

In experimentally designed research, many good reasons exist for assigning groups or clusters to treatments rather than individuals. This article discusses them. But cluster-level designs face some unique or exacerbated challenges. The article identifies them and offers some principles about them. One emphasizes how statistical power and sample size estimation depend on intraclass correlations, particularly after conditioning on the use of cluster-level covariates. Another stresses assigning experimental units at the lowest level of aggregation possible, provided this does not subtly change the research question. A third emphasizes the utility of minimizing and measuring interunit communication, though neither is easy to achieve. A fourth advises against experiments that are totally black box and so leave program implementation and process unstudied, though such study often makes the research process more salient. The last principle involves the utility of describing treatment heterogeneity and estimating its consequences, though causal conclusions about the heterogeneity will be less well warranted compared to conclusions about the intended treatment, every experiment's major focus

Cluster (spacecraft · Covariate · Data science · Design of experiments · Econometrics · Machine learning · Management science · Operations research · Process (computing · Salient · Sample (material · Sample size determination · Statistical power · Statistics · Advanced Causal Inference Techniques · Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science · Engineering · Mathematics · Psychology · Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference · Statistical Methods and Inference