The minds of machines

Children's beliefs about the experiences, thoughts, and morals of familiar interactive technologies

Dados Bibliográficos

ID9787779
AutoresTeresa Flanagan (0000-0002-6003-7089, Cornell University, autor correspondente), Gavin Wong (Cornell University), Talma Kushnir (0000-0002-7656-6292, Duke University)
Ano2023
Volume59
Fascículo6
Páginas1017-1031
Data de publicação2023-06-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoDevelopmental Psychology (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0012-1649 • E-ISSN: 1939-0599
EditoraAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/dev0001524
OpenAlexW4363645711
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas10

Children are developing alongside interactive technologies that can move, talk, and act like agents, but it is unclear if children's beliefs about the agency of these household technologies are similar to their beliefs about advanced, humanoid robots used in lab research. This study investigated 4-11-year-old children's (N = 127, Mage = 7.50, SDage = 2.27, 53% females, 75% White; from the Northeastern United States) beliefs about the mental, physical, emotional, and moral features of two familiar technologies (Amazon Alexa and Roomba) in comparison to their beliefs about a humanoid robot (Nao). Children's beliefs about the agency of these technologies were organized into three distinct clusters-having experiences, having minds, and deserving moral treatment. Children endorsed some agent-like features for each technology type, but the extent to which they did so declined with age. Furthermore, children's judgment of the technologies' freedom to "act otherwise" in moral scenarios changed with age, suggesting a development shift in children's understanding of technologies' limitations. Importantly, there were systematic differences between Alexa, Roomba, and Nao, that correspond to the unique characteristics of each. Together these findings suggest that children's intuitive theories of agency are informed by an increasingly technological world. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Agency (philosophy · Child development · Developmental psychology · Emerging technologies · MEDLINE · PsycINFO · Social science · Sociology · Digital Mental Health Interventions · Ethics and Social Impacts of AI · Law · Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations · Psychology · Social Psychology