Convicts and the Cultural Significance of Tattooing in Nineteenth-Century Britain

Bibliographic Data

ID10064777
AuthorsZoë Alker (0000-0003-0402-7297, University of Sheffield, corresponding author), Robert Shoemaker (0000-0002-0969-0373, University of Sheffield)
Year2022
Volume61
Issue4
Pages835-862
Publication date2022-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of British Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0021-9371 • E-ISSN: 1545-6986
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/jbr.2022.117
OpenAlexW4312933332
LanguageEN
Citations received6
References cited2

This article is based on a unique dataset of 75,448 written descriptions of tattoos on British criminal convicts who were either transported or imprisoned during the period from 1791 to 1925. Combining both quantitative evidence (provided as visualizations) and qualitative evidence, it shows that, rather than expressing criminal identities as criminologists and sociologists argued, convicts’ tattoos expressed a broad range of subjects, affinities, and interests from wider popular and even mainstream culture. The diverse occupations held by convicts, the contexts in which tattoos were created, and incidental references to tattooing in other parts of society all point to a growing phenomenon that was embedded in Victorian culture rather than constituting an expression of deviance or resistance. Indeed, in the late nineteenth century, tattooing became fashionable within elite society. These findings not only shed light on the significance of tattooing as a form of cultural expression but also undermine the myth that nineteenth-century criminality was the product of, as contemporary commentators termed it, a distinct “criminal class.”

Criminology · Deviance (statistics · Elite · Mainstream · Mythology · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Classics · Fashion and Cultural Textiles · History · Law · Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology · Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications

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