Anarchist Principles and Spanish Reality

On 18 and 19 July 1936, an army revolt failed to overthrow the Second Republic of Spain and the Spanish Civil War began. Anarchist activity in the northeastern provinces of Catalonia and Aragon quickly became apparent. The Federacion Anarquista Iberica (FAI), a semisecret, militant collection of anarchist affinity groups, and the syndicalist Confederaci6n Nacional de Trabajo (CNT), the largest union in Spain and a close, if sometimes reluctant ally of the FAI, took the lead. They repulsed a Nationalist uprising in Barcelona and sent out an army of their own into neighboring Aragon and Valencia.1 Anarchism had not received such prominence since Nestor Makhno founded an anarchist republic in the Ukraine during the Russian Civil War.2

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