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This paper describes findings from a study of factors affecting sexual beliefs and behaviour among young people in Zimbabwe. The study, which involves a contextual analysis of sexual beliefs, meanings and cultures, was conducted as part of a multi-site research programme funded by the World Health Organisation's (then) Global Programme on AIDS. Data were collected through historical research, community observation, group interviews and in-depth individual interviews at a rural growth point outside Harare; it being hypothesized that migration and rapid social change may have important consequences for the sexual expectations and experiences of young people. Findings from the study suggest that changes in family structure, child-rearing practices and migration affect the ways young people learn about sex and develop sexual expectations and scripts. 'Traditional' cultural values and practices have largely been superseded by elements of a more modern sexual culture in which for boys an emphasis on seduction and sexual conquest is predominant, and in which for girls sexual commitment is increasingly linked to the receipt of money and goods. This transformation poses major challenges for efforts to promote sexual and reproductive health among young people.

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