Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Experimenter language choice and ethnic affirmation by Chinese trilinguals in Hong Kong

Bibliographic Data

ID11207459
AuthorsMichael Harris Bond (0000-0001-5409-9614, Chinese University of Hong Kong, corresponding author), Man-King Cheung (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
Year1984
Volume8
Issue4
Pages347-356
Publication date1984-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Intercultural Relations (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0147-1767 • E-ISSN: 1873-7552
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/0147-1767(84)90014-2
OpenAlexW2064778626
LanguageEN
Citations received23
References cited13

When communicating with a member of his or her ethnic in-group, a multilingual typically uses his common first language. If, however, the multilingual uses a common second or third language, we believe this choice will indicate his or her endorsement of attitudes believed to be held by that language out-group. An audience will respond to this implicit statement by a shift in its ethnically relevant altitudes either towards or away from the position of the speaker. Convergence is assumed to occur if relations between the language communities are harmonious, ethnic affirmation if relations are hostile. To explore this reasoning, experimenters addressed Chinese trilinguals in their first language of Cantonese, their second language of English, or their third language of Mandarin. When instructed in Mandarin, subjects assumed their experimenter held more traditional Chinese beliefs and they themselves completed a measure of traditional Chinese beliefs in a more Western direction. Although most Hong Kong students at university are ambivalent about their colonial status under Great Britain, they oppose Hong Kong's reversion to China in 1997 and are threatened by this prospect. Consequently, we believe that they responded to an experimenter speaking the Mandarin language of China by affirming a more Western identity. Dans la communication avec un membre de son propre groupe ethnique un individu multilinque utilise sa première langue, qui est aussi la première langue de son interlocutuer. Si, cepdndant, cet individu multilingue se met à utiliser la seconde, ou la troisième langue commune dans ce groupe, nour penson qu'une telle option indique que cette personne approuve les attitudes censées être celles du groupe qui parle la langue B ou la langue C. Cette option représente donc une déclaration implicite; à cette déclaration implicite, l'auditoire va réagir: il va modifier son jugement au sujet d'attitudes ethniquement pertinentes, soit en se rapprochant de la position du locuteur, soit en s'en éloignant. Il est présemé que se produira un effet de convergence si les relations sont harmonieuses entre le groupe A et le group B; au contraire, se les relations sont hostiles, il se produira un effet d'opposition et d'auto-affirmation ethnique. En vue de documenter cette hypothèse, nous avons addressé la parole à des chinois trilingues soit dans leur première lange (Cantonnais), soit dans leur seconde (Anglais), soit dans leur troisième (Mandarin). Or, quand le mandarin était employé, les sujets de l'expérience présumaient que le locuteur était plutôt traditionnel dans son adhésion aux croyances chinoises: à la présentation de telle ou telle croyance chinoise, ils réagissaient en se rapprochant de la position occidentale. Al communicar a un miembro de su “in-group” étnico el multilingue usa tipicamente la primera idioma común. Cuando el multilingue use una seconda o tercera idioma común se crea que esta seleccion indicara su endoso de actitudes creido ser sostenido por esa idioma “out-group.” Una audencia responderá a esta declaracion implicito por un cambio de su actitudes étnico, o hacia o lejos de la posicion del hablante. Se asume convergencia en el caso de que relaciones entre las comunidades sean armonioso, pero afirmacion étnico en el caso de que sean hositles. Para investigar esta razonamiento los experimentadores instruieron trilingues chinos en su primera idioma de cantonés, su seconda idioma de ingles o su tercera idioma de mandarín. En caso de que ser instruido en mandaraín los sujetos asumieron que el experimentador sostuvo creencias chinas was tradicional y se completo una medida de tradicional creencias chinas hacia uma dirección mas occidental. Aunque la mayoria de la gente de Hong Kong estan ambivalente acerca de su estado colonial bajo de Gran Bretana, la reversion a China per 1997 es opuesto y un suceso amenazante. Por consiguiente, se creyo que los sujetos respondieron al experimentador hablando la idioma mandarin (de China) por afirmando un identidad mas occidental

Ambivalence · Art · China · Ethnic group · First language · Humanities · Language shift · Linguistics · Mandarin Chinese · Political science · Sociology · Anthropology · Gender Studies · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies · Law · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Multilingual Education and Policy · Philosophy · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Language Policy and Planning in Hong Kong

    Open Access•Robert Keith Johnson•Annual Review of Applied…•1994

  • Psychology and Culture

    Darrin R Lehman, Chi-Yue Chiu et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•2004

  • Ethnic Stereotyping and Identification in a Multicultural Context

    Open Access•Peter Weinreich, Chung‐leung Luk et al.•Psychology and Developing Societies•1996

  • The Role of Language Competence, Interpersonal Relationships, and Media Use in Bosnian Refugees’ Resettlement Process

    Wai Hsien Cheah, Ajlina Karamehić-Muratović et al.•Journal of Intercultural…•2011

  • Comparing leadership practices between the United States, Nigeria, and Slovenia

    Open Access•Hugo Zagorsek, Marko Jaklič et al.•Cross Cultural Management An…•2004

  • Methodological Challenges Confronted when Conducting Management Research in China

    Open Access•Bruce W Stening, Marina Yue Zhang•International Journal of Cross…•2007

  • Language‐based diversity and faultlines in organizations

    Open Access•Madhur Kulkarni, Mukta Kulkarni•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2014

  • The Effect of Behavioral Commitment and Ability Discrepancy on Attitudinal Persistence

    Open Access•Bikram Dasgupta, Ann Liang•Social Behavior and Personality…•1988

  • Coping with the threat of westernization in Hong Kong

    Open Access•Michael Harris Bond, Ambrose Y C King•International Journal of…•1985

  • Cyber communication

    Open Access•Zeynep Cemalcılar, Zeynep Cemalcilar et al.•International Journal of…•2005

  • Facilitating adaptation and intercultural contact

    Open Access•Bryant Pui Hung Hui, Sylvia Xiaohua Chen et al.•International Journal of…•2015

  • Sociopolitical change and perceived vitality

    Open Access•Louis Young, H Giles et al.•International Journal of…•1986

  • Social identity theory and the perception of intergroup relations in Hong Kong

    Open Access•Michael Harris Bond, Miles Hewstone•International Journal of…•1988

  • Intergroup vitality Perceptions during a period of political uncertainty

    Herbert D Pierson, H Giles et al.•Journal of Multilingual and…•1987

  • Ethnic identification, language, and values

    H Giles, Peter Ball et al.•Journal of Multilingual and…•1989

  • Bolstering biculturals

    Open Access•Zaijia Liu, Joel Brockner et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2021

  • Ethnicity and Immigrant Values

    Open Access•Deepa Punetha, H Giles et al.•Journal of Language and Social…•1987

  • Explaining Language Priming Effects

    Open Access•Sylvia Xiaohua Chen, Michael Harris Bond•Journal of Language and Social…•2007

  • The Effects of Language and Priming on the Relative Accessibility of the Private Self and the Collective Self

    Open Access•David Trafimow, Ellen S Silverman et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•1997

  • Assimilation and Contrast Effects of Culture Priming Among Hong Kong Chinese

    Open Access•Ting Kin Ng, Ting-Kin Ng et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2016

  • Effects of Culture Priming on the Social Connectedness of the Bicultural Self

    Open Access•Sik Hung Ng, Weiting Ng et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2009

  • Assimilation and Contrast Effects in Cultural Frame Switching

    Open Access•Chi-Ying Cheng, Chi‐ying Cheng et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2006

  • The Many-Faced Consumer

    Open Access•Julian K Saint Clair, Mark R Forehand et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2020

  • Attitudes towards languages and code‐mixing in Hong Kong

    John Gibbons, John P Gibbons•Journal of Multilingual and…•1983

  • The effects of language of testing on bilingual pre‐adolescents’ attitudes towards welsh and varieties of English

    Susan Price, Michael Fluck et al.•Journal of Multilingual and…•1983

  • Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations

    Carol Myers Scotton, H Giles•Language•1980

  • Attribution Processes and Interpersonal Accommodation in a Bilingual Setting

    Open Access•Lise M Simard, D M Taylor et al.•Language and Speech•1976

  • How Language Variation Affects Inter-Cultural Differentiation of Values By Hong Kong Bilinguals

    Open Access•Michael Harris Bond•Journal of Language and Social…•1983

  • A self-presentational view of social phenomena

    Roy F Baumeister•Psychological Bulletin•1982

  • Social identity and intergroup behaviour

    Open Access•Henri Tajfel•Social Science Information•1974

  • The Social Psychological Significance of Code Switching in Cross-Cultural Communication

    Open Access•Fred Genesee•Journal of Language and Social…•1982

  • Language and Social Psychology

    Open Access•Neil Mercer•Sociology•1979

  • Ethnic Affirmation by Chinese Bilinguals

    Open Access•Kuo-Shu Yang, Kuo‐shu Yang et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•1980

  • Ethnic Affirmation Versus Social Desirability

    Open Access•Gerardo Marin, Harry C Triandis et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•1983

  • Ethnic Affirmation Versus Cross-Cultural Accommodation

    Open Access•Michael Harris Bond, Kuo-Shu Yang et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•1982

Unique citing works23
Citations per year0,56
Citation span1985 - 2021 (37)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 22

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae