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The economic output growth of Baltic countries in 1913–1938

A quantitative cross-country comparison

Bibliographic Data

ID11264565
AuthorsZenonas Norkus (0000-0001-6364-0716, Vilnius University, corresponding author)
Year2019
Volume50
Issue2
Pages183-203
Publication date2019-04-03
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Baltic Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0162-9778 • E-ISSN: 1751-7877
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/01629778.2018.1492945
OpenAlexW2881351646
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited13

This article surveys and appends the available quantitative research on the interwar economic growth of Baltic countries to compare gross domestic product (GDP) (in 1990 Geary–Khamis dollars) growth in Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Lithuania between 1913 and 1938 in a broad international context. Finland’s GDP per capita recovered to the 1913 level in 1923, in Estonia recovery was complete by 1922, in Lithuania by 1924, and in Latvia by 1924–1925. By high-end estimates, the growth performance of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania was not weaker than Finland’s. By 1938, the GDP per capita of all Baltic countries exceeded the level of the Soviet Union with the possible exception for Lithuania

Context (archaeology · Development economics · Economic growth · Economics · Economy · European union · Geography · Gross domestic product · International trade · Per capita · Political science · Politics · Population · Sociology · Soviet union · Demography · Economic Growth and Productivity · Global Financial Crisis and Policies · Russia and Soviet political economy

  • New estimation of the gross domestic product in Baltic countries in 1913–1938

    Open Access•Zenonas Norkus, Jurgita Markevičiūtė•Cliometrica•2021

  • Reinventing perished “Belgium of the East”

    Open Access•Adomas Klimantas, Zenonas Norkus et al.•Cliometrica•2024

  • Reinterpretation of economic history in the Baltic countries, 30 years after independence

    Open Access•Anu Mai Kõll•Scandinavian Economic History…•2025

  • From warfare to welfare states? Social and military spending in the Baltic States 1918–1940

    Zenonas Norkus, Vaidas Morkevičius et al.•Scandinavian Economic History…•2021

  • Economic Strategies and Immigration in the Soviet Union’s Western Borderlands

    Saulius Grybkauska•Europe Asia Studies•2022

  • Family farms through the lens of geopolitics

    Open Access•Diana Mincyte, Renata Blumberg•Agriculture and Human Values•2024

  • The Estonian antebellum paradox

    Zenonas Norkus, Vaidas Morkevičius et al.•Journal of Baltic Studies•2023

  • Gross Domestic Problem

    Lorenzo Fioramonti•Gross Domestic Problem•2013

  • Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv

    Bernhard Hams•Books Abroad•1927

  • Kas Turtėjo Greičiausiai? Baltijos Šalių Ūkio Augimo 1913–1938 Metais Palyginimas

    Open Access•Zenonas Norkus•Politologija•2015

  • First calculations of the total output of Latvia and Lithuania in the 1920s

    Zenonas Norkus•Journal of Baltic Studies•2018

  • The Baltic World 1772-1993

    Andrejs Plakans, David Kirby•The American Historical Review•1996

  • TheMaddisonProject

    Open Access•Jutta Bolt, Jan Luiten Van Zanden•The Economic History Review•2014

Unique citing works7
Citations per year1,4
Citation span2021 - 2025 (5)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 7

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