Tracing the informal fringe

A large-scale study of 20th century ‘wild’ settlements in Vienna, Austria

Bibliographic Data

ID11375486
AuthorsFriedrich Hauer (0000-0002-4750-8632, TU Wien, corresponding author), Andre Krammer (0000-0002-6445-4939, TU Wien)
Year2023
Volume141
Pages102925
Publication date2023-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueHabitat International (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0197-3975 • E-ISSN: 1873-5428
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/j.habitatint.2023.102925
OpenAlexW4387835539
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited49

Informal urbanization in the global North is an emerging field of research. Likewise, the need to expand existing morphological analysis into informal settlements is well established but lacks material. As our long-term study is able to show, Vienna was one of the European ‘capitals’ of informal urbanization in the 20th century. Drawing on both historical and present-day geodata and surveys, we trace the emergence and transformation of ‘wild’ settlements over the course of a century. City-wide GIS-reconstructions help us to localize and quantify Vienna's informal fringe. We discuss situational and site factors, the spatial patterns of clearance and legalization. Our research documents the remarkable scale and persistence of Vienna's ‘wild’ settlements. By the mid-1900s, the self-made “city of settlers and gardeners” had transformed more than 43 km2 of peri-urban terrain. Formalization and infrastructural retrofitting were a piecemeal process that lasted until the early 2000s, in some cases even until the present. It resulted in a patchwork of both legal status and urban tissues. The informal ‘facts on the ground’ not only came to structure and shape the residential suburbs of today's agglomeration, but also fed back on the planning instruments and the authorities that tried to enforce them. Informal urbanization in Vienna, as is often the case in the Global South nowadays, was a mode of production of space driven by desires for a better life, for autonomous nutrition and affordable housing. Tracing Vienna's ‘wild’ fringe, we conclude, helps to further demythologize the notion of “Northern formality” and contributes to a small, but growing number of long-term studies on informal (sub)urbanization. Moreover, our study shows that there are ways to reconstruct the settlement patterns of the urban poor even for the pre-google-earth era, provided there is the necessary source material and technical capabilities. Thus, it contributes to the methodological array in urban studies and the study of urban form in general

Archaeology · Cartography · Economic geography · Economic growth · Environmental planning · Geography · Human settlement · Industrialisation · Political science · Regional science · Scale (ratio · Spatial planning · Urbanization · Land Use and Ecosystem Services · Urban Design and Spatial Analysis · Urbanization and City Planning

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