Iron Age Mediterranean Chronology
A Reply
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11587477 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Hendrik J Bruins (0000-0002-8249-1258, corresponding author), A J Nijboer (0000-0001-8231-8204), Johannes Van Der Plicht (0000-0003-4298-7037) |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 53 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 199-220 |
| Publication date | 2011-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Radiocarbon (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0033-8222 • E-ISSN: 1945-5755 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0033822200034470 |
| OpenAlex | W2113311619 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 15 |
| References cited | 49 |
This article is a reply to the preceding rejoinder by Fantalkin et al., which they wrote in response to our article concerning radiocarbon dates of Iron Age sites in the Mediterranean region measured at Groningen (van der Plicht et al. 2009). We do not agree with much of their criticism. Our reply is presented in detail with new viewpoints and evaluations concerning a number of sites in the Levant, including Tel Dan, Megiddo Stratum VIA (= K/4), Horvat Haluqim, Tell el-Qudeirat, Khirbet en-Nahas, Tel Rehov, as well as sites in the central and western Mediterranean region, particularly Carthage and Huelva. Our main conclusions are that 14 C dating supports an Iron Age High Chronology for the above sites, though more 14 C dating is required, particularly in Greece and the central and western Mediterranean region, to substantiate and refine the current state of knowledge. We prefer detailed investigations per individual site, evaluating both 14 C dates and site stratigraphy, rather than the wholesale averaging of strata over many sites, which may lead to oversimplification and erroneous results, also on stratigraphic grounds. Contrary to Fantalkin et al. (2011), we emphasize the importance of 14 C dating as an independent methodology—chronostratigraphy—to evaluate site stratigraphy. The 14 C dates of Megiddo Stratum VIA (=K/4) clearly indicate field-stratigraphic problems at this site
Archaeology · Chronology · Chronostratigraphy · Geography · Iron Age · Mediterranean climate · Radiocarbon dating · Stratum · Structural basin · Tectonics · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Historical Studies · Geology · Paleontology · Stratigraphy
The Archaeology of the Mediterranean Iron Age
Marginalizing Civilization
Fíbulas peninsulares de codo «sículas» o de tipo «Monachil»? Novedades y revisión
The Chronology of the Iron Age IIA in Judah in the Light of Tel ʿEton Tomb C3 and Other Assemblages
Late Helladic to Middle Geometric Aegean and Contemporary Cypriot Chronologies
Reflexiones Sobre La Cronología De Los Inicios De La Edad Del Hierro en El Mediterráneo Occidental Y Sus Problemas. Reflexions About the Chronology of Earliest Stages of the Iron Age in Western Mediterranean and Thier Problems
Colonización Fenicia De Occidente
Ancient runoff farming and soil aggradation in terraced wadi fields (Negev, Israel)
An early bronze age fertilized agricultural plot discovered near Tel Yarmouth, Ramat Bet Shemesh, Israel
Tecnología, tipología y cronología de las fíbulas de codo antiguas del “tipo Monachil” y sus relaciones mediterráneas
Desert Habitation History by 14 C Dating of Soil Layers in Rural Building Structures (Negev, Israel)
Characterization of Contexts for Radiocarbon Dating
Tell Sabi Abyad, Syria
Multi-scalar Lenses on the Mediterranean in the First Millennium BC
The Date and Origin of Black-on-Red Ware
The Earliest Settlement at Kadesh Barnea
Low Chronology and Greek Protogeometric and Geometric Pottery in the Southern Levant
The Archaeology of the United Monarchy
Status report
High-precision radiocarbon dating and historical biblical archaeology in southern Jordan
Lithics after the Stone Age
The Negev
Dendrodate for the Wehringen Iron Age Wagon Grave (778±5 BC) in Relation to Other Recently Obtained Absolute Dates for the Hallstatt Period in Southern Germany
Hazor and the North in the Iron Age
The Rural Community in Ancient Israel during Iron Age II
Hazor and the Chronology of Northern Israel
The Iron Age Pottery from Khirbat en-Nahas, Jordan
Some Thoughts on Khirbet En-Nahas, Edom, Biblical History and Anthropologya Response to Israel Finkelstein
Radiocarbon and the History of Copper Production at Khirbet En-Nahas
Kadesh Barnea
Khirbet en-Nahas, Edom and Biblical History
The Iron Age "Fortresses" of the Negev Highlands
Radiocarbon dating and the “old wood” problem
A Response to Finkelstein and Piasetzky'S Criticism and “New Perspective”
The Iron I/IIA Transition in the Levant
Authority, Polity, and Tenuous Elites in Iron Age Edom (Jordan)
Radiocarbon‐dated Destruction Layers
Extensive Sherd Scatters and Land Use Intensity
Greek Pottery at Veii
Intcal04 Terrestrial Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr BP
Mevasseret Yerushalayim
The Iron Age Around the Mediterranean
Development of the Radiocarbon Calibration Program
C and the Iron Age Chronology Debate
Iron Age Mediterranean Chronology
Radiocarbon Dating in Near-Eastern Contexts
C Dates and the Iron Age Chronology of Israel
Radiocarbon Results from the Iron IIA Site of Atar Haroa in the Negev Highlands and their Archaeological and Historical Implications
Radiocarbon Dating the “Wilderness of Zin”
Report on the First Stage of the Iron Age Dating Project in Israel
The Archaeology of the East Slope of Jerusalem and the Terraces of the Kidron
The Besorian
Subsistence practices in an arid environment
Recent radiocarbon results and King Solomon
| Unique citing works | 15 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 2011 - 2026 (16) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 15 |