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Multilingual language learning interventions to foster language proficiency and cross-linguistic awareness in language classrooms – a systematic literature review

Bibliographic Data

ID11635638
AuthorsIrma Westheim (0009-0006-2794-074X, University of Amsterdam, corresponding author), Catherine Van Beuningen (0000-0002-0229-2647, University of Amsterdam), Joana Duarte (0000-0002-4842-6719, University of Groningen), Carla Van Boxtel (0000-0002-5119-121X, University of Amsterdam)
Year2025
Pages1-18
Publication date2025-12-15
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0143-4632 • E-ISSN: 1747-7557
PublisherTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/01434632.2025.2596928
OpenAlexW4417340484
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited53

Multilingualism is common in educational settings across Europe and beyond, yet many language teachers report feeling unprepared to valorise the different languages students bring to their classrooms. Multilingual language learning interventions – activities that intentionally draw on students’ multilingual repertoires – offer one way to enhance language learning. Research suggests that such interventions can support students’ language proficiency and crosslinguistic awareness, particularly in upper primary, secondary and university contexts. Nevertheless, no systematic literature review has yet synthesised interventions fostering language proficiency and crosslinguistic awareness in educational settings for language learners aged ten or older. Consequently, this systematic review of 17 studies seeks insights into (1) types of multilingual language learning interventions fostering language proficiency and cross-linguistic awareness for this group of language learners, and (2) the outcomes of these intervention types. Our narrative analyses identified three types of multilingual language-learning interventions with outcomes related to language proficiency and/or cross-linguistic awareness: (1) Creating multilingual space in language learning, (2) Raising cross-linguistic awareness with structured tasks and (3) Exploiting multilingual repertoires to support language skills. Our review offers practical insights and directions for further research on using students’ multilingual repertoires in upper primary, secondary and university language learning settings

Comprehension approach · Feeling · First language · Language acquisition · Language assessment · Language education · Language proficiency · Multilingualism · Psychological intervention · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning · Multilingual Education and Policy · Second Language Learning and Teaching

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Citation span2026 - 2026 (1)
Highly citedNo

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