From 1967 to Operation Boulder
The Erosion of Arab Americans' Civil Liberties in the 1970s
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11660977 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Pamela E Pennock (corresponding author), Pamela E Pennock Pamela E Pennock |
| Year | 2018 |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Publication date | 2018-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Arab Studies Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0271-3519 • E-ISSN: 2043-6920 |
| Publisher | Pluto Journals (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.13169/arabstudquar.40.1.0041 |
| OpenAlex | W2802022281 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
This article examines the US government's targeting of Arab Americans for surveillance and harassment in the wake of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war and the Palestinian terrorist group Black September's murder of Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympics in 1972. In the late 1960s, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) included Arabs as targets of its COINTELPRO surveillance program, and in 1972 the Nixon administration created the Cabinet Committee to Combat Terrorism and the visa check system Operation Boulder to monitor Arab residents and Arab Americans. The federal government overstepped its constitutional boundaries and used its powers to repress Arab American activism on behalf of Palestine. The article explores Arab Americans' responses and resistance to government violations of their civil liberties. Ironically, the government's attempt to divide and intimidate Arab Americans actually served to heighten their unity and advance their activism
Administration (probate law · Cabinet (room · Civil liberties · Government (linguistics · Harassment · Political science · Politics · Spanish Civil War · Terrorism · Asian American and Pacific Histories · History · Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies · Law · Race, History, and American Society
| Unique citing works | 2 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,5 |
| Citation span | 2022 - 2023 (2) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 2 |