Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Caring for debt

Women’s work in Istanbul’s mass housing estates

Bibliographic Data

ID11670438
AuthorsEsra Alkim Karaagac (0000-0002-7010-8039, University of Waterloo, corresponding author)
Year2023
Volume44
Issue9
Pages1931-1950
Publication date2023-06-23
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueUrban Geography (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0272-3638 • E-ISSN: 1938-2847
PublisherTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/02723638.2023.2226987
OpenAlexW4381892580
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited66

The housing programs of Turkey’s Mass Housing Administration (TOKI) for low-income groups put people into debt by selling them houses in remote housing estates and dragging them into a quasi-mortgage system operated by state banks. This paper argues that these (mortgage) debts are not just financial obligations, managed in terms of income and payments but are embodied processes that are cared for within and across households, increasing precarity and intensifying the burdens of social reproduction for women. I draw on ethnographic research conducted in Istanbul in 2019 to examine the lived experiences of indebtedness in a low-income TOKI estate. The paper analyzes the spatial and gendered aspects of the everyday negotiations of debts and labor, theorizing caring for debt as women’s work. I draw attention to how caring for debt becomes women’s life work in the gendered debt geographies that TOKI creates at the periphery of Istanbul

Business · Debt · Estate · Ethnography · Negotiation · Payment · Precarity · Real estate · Social science · Sociology · Work (physics · Gender Studies · Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism · Urban Planning and Governance · Finance

  • The Dynamics of Debt Bondage in Pakistan

    Open Access•Abdul Wahid, Nancy Mantell et al.•Fudan Journal of the Humanities…•2025

  • “The Ultimate Hustlers”

    Dominica Whitesell, Caroline V Faria et al.•Annals of the American…•2026

  • Making the case for public geographies of student debt abolition

    Open Access•Rae Baker, Dylan M Harris et al.•Dialogues in Human Geography•2026

  • Women’s Embodied Experiences of Debt in the Urban Global South

    Open Access•Araby Smyth, Grace Adeniyi-Ogunyankin et al.•Feminist Economics•2026

  • Credit labour

    Open Access•Theodora Vetta, Irene Sabaté Muriel•Critique of Anthropology•2025

  • Decolonising feminist explorations of urban futures

    Elsa Koleth, Linda Peake et al.•Urban Geography•2023

  • Travail de la dette et inégalités de patrimoine

    Open Access•Caroline Henchoz, Tristan Coste et al.•Enfances Familles Générations•2024

  • From the racialization of finance to the financing of anti-racism

    Open Access•Emily Rosenman•Environment and Planning A…•2024

  • Precarious Work

    Open Access•Kendra Strau, Kendra Strauss•International Encyclopedia of…•2018

  • Social Reproduction Theory

    Tithi Bhattacharya•Social Reproduction Theory•2017

  • Lived Economies of Default

    J Deville•Lived Economies of Default•2015

  • What is housing affordability? The case for the residual income approach

    Michael E Stone•Housing Policy Debate•2006

  • The Power of Women and the Subversion of the Community

    Open Access•Mariarosa Dalla Costa, Selma James•Class•2017

  • Familialization of care arrangements in Turkey

    Ayşe Aybars, A İdil Aybars et al.•Research and Policy on Turkey•2018

  • Gender, the State, and Social Reproduction

    Kate Bezanson•Gender, the State, and Social…•2006

  • The Informal Labours of Social Reproduction

    Open Access•Alessandra Mezzadri•Global Labour Journal•2020

  • Debt to Society

    Morgan Joseph, Miranda Joseph•Debt to Society•2014

  • Beyond States and Markets

    Isabella Bakker, Rachel Silvey•Beyond states and markets•2012

  • Temporary Work

    L F Vosko•Temporary Work•2000

  • Invisible Labor

    Arlie Russell Hochschild, Marion G Crain et al.•Invisible Labor•2019

  • Life's Work

    Open Access•Sallie Marston, Katharyne Mitchell et al.•Life's Work•2004

  • Precarious Worlds

    Jessie Clark, Kendra Strau et al.•Precarious Worlds•2015

  • Fortunes of Feminism

    Nancy Fraser•Fortunes of feminism•2013

  • Playing the Field

    Cindi Katz•The Professional Geographer•1994

  • Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale

    Maria Mies, Pnina Werbner et al.•Patriarchy and Accumulation on a…•2014

  • Structuring the Flexible and Feminized Labor Market

    Carmen Bain•Signs: Journal of Women in…•2010

  • Gender and Social Reproduction

    Barbara Laslett, Johanna Brenner•Annual Review of Sociology•1989

  • Troubling freedom

    Julia O’connell Davidson•Migration Studies•2013

  • Housing development and policy change

    Open Access•G Pelin Sarıoğlu-Erdoğdu•Journal of Housing and the Built…•2013

  • Everyday family experiences of the financial crisis

    Suzanne M Hall, Sarah Marie Hall•Journal of Economic Geography•2015

  • Debted Objects

    Nicole Cook, Susan J Smith et al.•Housing Theory and Society•2013

  • Defining Social Housing

    Open Access•Anna Granath Hansson, Björn Lundgren•Housing Theory and Society•2018

  • Gender, Financial Deepening and the Production of Embodied Finance

    Open Access•Adrienne Roberts•Global Society•2014

  • Rethinking representation

    Rabia Ali•Gender Place & Culture•2014

  • Navigating the city

    Weronika A Kusek, Sarah L Smiley•Journal of Cultural Geography•2014

  • Compounding crises of social reproduction

    Open Access•Katherine Brickell, Fiorella Picchioni et al.•World Development•2020

  • The concept of housing affordability

    J David Hulchanski•Housing Studies•1995

  • International Perspectives on Planning and Affordable Housing

    Chris Paris•Housing Studies•2007

  • Mothers at the Service of the New Poverty Agenda

    Open Access•Maxine Molyneux•Social Policy and Administration•2006

  • Beyond Patriarchy

    Open Access•L Mcdowell•Antipode•1986

  • Precarious Debt

    Open Access•W Nathan Green, Jennifer Estes•Antipode•2019

  • Mortgaged lives’

    Open Access•Melissa Garcia-Lamarca, Melissa García‐lamarca et al.•Transactions of the Institute of…•2016

  • Life without Father and Ford

    L Mcdowell•Transactions of the Institute of…•1991

  • Labouring for global markets

    Open Access•G Carswell, G De Neve•Geoforum•2012

  • Insider or outsider, both or neither

    Open Access•Beverley Mullings•Geoforum•1999

  • The gender of debt and space

    Open Access•Christopher Harker, Dareen Sayyad et al.•Geoforum•2018

  • Introduction

    Open Access•Christopher Harker, Samuel Kirwan•Geoforum•2019

  • Vagabond Capitalism and the Necessity of Social Reproduction

    Open Access•Cindi Katz•Antipode•2001

  • Women as a Reserve Army of Labour

    Irene Bruegel•Feminist Review•1979

  • Social Reproduction and the Constitution of a Gendered Political Economy

    Isabella Bakker•New Political Economy•2007

  • The Feminisation of Finance

    Fiona Allon•Australian Feminist Studies•2014

  • Debtfare States and the Poverty Industry

    Open Access•Susanne Soederberg•Debtfare States and the Poverty…•2014

  • Social Reproduction Theory

    Open Access•Vivian Rodríguez‐rocha•Geography Compass•2021

  • Coerced, Forced and Unfree Labour

    Open Access•Kendra Strau•Geography Compass•2012

  • The financialization of everyday life

    Open Access•Esra Alkim Karaagac•Geography Compass•2020

  • Precarious Work and Economic Migration

    Open Access•L Mcdowell, Adina Batnitzky et al.•International Journal of Urban…•2009

  • Housing market financialization, neoliberalism and everyday retrenchment of social housing

    Open Access•Michael Byrne, Michael F Byrne et al.•Environment and Planning A…•2022

  • From Commoning to Debt

    Silvia Federici•South Atlantic Quarterly•2014

  • Late Neoliberalism

    Open Access•Raquel Rolnik•International Journal of Urban…•2013

  • A shift from home to the market

    Open Access•Debashis Bhattacharjee•Environment and Planning A…•2024

  • Caring for Debts

    Open Access•Johnna Montgomerie, Daniela Tepe-Belfrage et al.•Critical Sociology•2017

  • Reproducing Labor Inequalities

    Open Access•Mignon Duffy•Gender & Society•2005

  • Can society be commodities all the way down? Post-Polanyian reflections on capitalist crisis

    Nancy Fraser•Economy and Society•2014

  • From field to factory

    G Carswell, G De Neve•Economy and Society•2013

Unique citing works8
Citations per year2,67
Citation span2023 - 2026 (4)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 8

Tools

Open DOI
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae