An experimental test of a game-theoretical model of reciprocity
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12166314 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Marcello Gallucci (0000-0003-3546-0093, Sapienza University of Rome), Marco Perugini (0000-0002-4864-6623, University of Leicester, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2000 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 367-389 |
| Publication date | 2000-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Behavioral Decision Making (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0894-3257 • E-ISSN: 1099-0771 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/1099-0771(200010/12)13:4<367::aid-bdm357>3.0.co;2-9 |
| OpenAlex | W2156371164 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 10 |
| References cited | 45 |
In this contribution the norm of reciprocity is defined as a basic internal motivation. Using formal tools of game theory, a model of social utility function is presented. The reciprocity model predicts that social actors should reciprocate costs and benefits they receive, even when there are costs in conforming to the norm. Hypotheses about actors' behavior, expectations and evaluations are derived from the model. The hypotheses were tested in an experimental situation, the reciprocity game, consisting of a prisoner's dilemma game (PD) followed by a dictator game (DG). The sample was composed of 74 Italian undergraduate students. In line with the model's predictions, the experimental results showed that participants reciprocate the behavior of the opponent in the PD. In the DG, if the opponent cooperated, participants gave back an almost equal share, whereas if the opponent defected, participants gave a minimal amount. These reciprocity effects are modulated by individual differences in the concern for reciprocity. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Adversary · Altruism (biology · Dictator · Dictator game · Dilemma · Economics · Epistemology · Game theory · Mathematical economics · Non-cooperative game · Norm (philosophy · Norm of reciprocity · Political science · Prisoner's dilemma · Reciprocity (cultural anthropology · Social dilemma · Social preferences · Statistics · Strong reciprocity · Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation · Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies · Mathematics · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social Psychology
Supervisor and employee identity coalescence and normative unit commitment
Fit to forgive
Are social desirability scales desirable? A meta‐analytic test of the validity of social desirability scales in the context of prosocial behavior
How the shadow of the future might promote cooperation
Low personal control promotes bribery intention
There's no “I” in team
Information seeking and reciprocity
Too Proud to Let Go
Tit for tat in the face of death
Mortality Salience Increases Personal Relevance of the Norm of Reciprocity
When Social Outcomes Aren′t Fair
Psychological games and sequential rationality
Reference points, anchors, norms, and mixed feelings
Loss Aversion in Riskless Choice
Trust, Reciprocity, and Social History
Incorporating Fairness into Game Theory and Economics
Inequity In Social Exchange
Exchange and Power in Social Life
Prior experience and patterning in a prisoner's dilemma game
Ultimatum bargaining behavior
Estimating social and nonsocial utility functions from ordinal data
Reciprocity
Empathy and altruism
Similarity of outcomes, interdependence, and conflict in dating relationships
Reciprocity and the induction of cooperation in social dilemmas
Scarcity or abundance caused by people or the environment as determinants of behavior in the resource dilemma
Motivational bases of choice in experimental games
Procedural context and culture
Exchange and power in social life
Simulating International Cooperation under Uncertainty
Reciprocity and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas
Value Orientation and Conformity
Individual adaptations and structural change as solutions to social dilemmas
Effects of extremity of offers and concession rate on the outcomes of bargaining
The claiming effect
Frequency of reciprocated concessions in bargaining
Equity, reciprocity, and reallocating rewards in the dyad
Social utility and decision making in interpersonal contexts
Role of interdependence structure, individual value orientation, and another's strategy in social decision making
Prediction of behavior in two-person games
When tactical pronouncements of change become real change
The Norm of Reciprocity
Bargaining and reciprocity
Anomalies
| Unique citing works | 10 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,43 |
| Citation span | 2003 - 2023 (21) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 7 |