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Methodologies for the study of organizational behavior processes

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Bibliographic Data

ID12168403
AuthorsPaul E Spector (0000-0002-6881-8496, Department of Psychology University of South Florida Tampa Florida U.S.A., corresponding author), Laurenz L Meier (0000-0002-5675-1562, Department of Psychology University of Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland)
Year2014
Volume35
Issue8
Pages1109-1119
Publication date2014-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Organizational Behavior (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0894-3796 • E-ISSN: 1099-1379
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/job.1966
OpenAlexW2126445690
LanguageEN
Citations received16
References cited45

The field of organizational behavior is very much concerned with process—the temporal sequence by which conditions, events, and states unfold. Such processes are implied in tests of mediation and more complex causal chains. The popular approach of analyzing data from cross‐sectional designs with complex statistics is not particularly helpful in understanding process. The optimal way to investigate process involves the proper use of a combination of qualitative and quantitative, experimental and nonexperimental methods that allow us to assess variables in a temporal sequence with appropriate lags informed by how long it takes for one step to lead to the next. Two general approaches are possible: take observations before and after each step in a process to show how a variable changes from before to after an event, or continuously monitor a variable to see how it changes as events occur. A variety of nonexperimental approaches can be used including content analysis of archival materials, direct observation, panel designs, retrospective event histories, and sequence analysis. With the quantitative approach, daily diary and experience sampling approaches can be particularly useful in studying processes that occur within‐person. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Data mining · Data science · Econometrics · Event (particle physics · Field (mathematics · Mediation · Process (computing · Sample (material · Sampling (signal processing · Sequence (biology · Sociology · Variable (mathematics · Variety (cybernetics · Complex Systems and Decision Making · Computer Science · Management and Organizational Studies · Mathematics · Mental Health Research Topics · Artificial Intelligence

  • Distinguishing Mediational Models and Analyses in Clinical Psychology: Atemporal Associations Do Not Imply Causation

    Open Access•E Samuel Winer, Daniel Cervone et al.•Journal of Clinical Psychology•2016

  • Do Not Cross Me

    Open Access•Paul E Spector•Journal of Business and Psychology•2019

  • Public sector creativity

    Open Access•Glenn Houtgraaf•Public Management Review•2023

  • Public servants’ creativity

    Open Access•Glenn Houtgraaf, Peter M Kruyen et al.•Public Management Review•2024

  • The work-related consequences of employees’ media-based political information consumption

    Open Access•Ian M Hughes, Nathan A Bowling et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2026

  • When Moral Tension Begets Cognitive Dissonance

    Open Access•Na Yang, Congcong Lin et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2022

  • Exploring the dynamics of protean career orientation, career management behaviors, and subjective career success

    Open Access•Madeleine Haenggli, Andreas Hirschi et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2021

  • How real-time social media engagement shapes value co-creation and co-destruction in hospitality

    Konstantinos Rigopoulos, Pernille Rydén et al.•Current Issues in Tourism•2026

  • Work-Related Use of Information and Communication Technologies After Hours (W_ICTs) and Work-Family Conflict

    Open Access•Haixia Wang, Pei Liu et al.•SAGE Open•2022

  • Navigating Digital Transformation? The Guiding Role and Socialization Processes of Change Agents

    Open Access•Caroline Fischer, Jessica Breaugh•Public Administration•2025

  • Employees Perceptions of Job Insecurity and Performance

    Open Access•Felipe Muñoz Medina, Sergio Andrés López Bohle et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Perceived Stress

    Open Access•Faruk Şahin, Fatih Çetin•Psychological Studies•2017

  • Nonverbal Immediacy Mediates the Relationship Between Interpersonal Motives and Belongingness

    Open Access•Eric Mayor•Frontiers in Sociology•2020

  • Daily feedback suspicion and ability-uncertainty among junior researchers in competitive work climates in STEM

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    Open Access•Alexander Pundt, Laura Venz•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2016

  • The psychological contracts of violation victims

    Open Access•Maria Tomprou, Denise M Rousseau et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2015

  • The contribution of personality traits, negative affectivity, locus of control and Type A to the subsequent reports of job stressors and job strains

    Open Access•Paul E Spector, Brian O’connell et al.•Journal of Occupational and…•1994

  • Diary Studies in Organizational Research

    Sandra Ohly, Sabine Sonnentag et al.•Journal of Personnel Psychology•2010

  • Longitudinal Field Research on Change

    Andrew M Pettigrew, Andrew Pettigrew•Organization Science•1990

  • Process Studies of Change in Organization and Management

    Ann Langley, Clive Smallman et al.•Academy of Management Journal•2013

  • How Do Risk Factors Work Together? Mediators, Moderators, and Independent, Overlapping, and Proxy Risk Factors

    Helena C Kraemer, Eric Stice et al.•American Journal of Psychiatry•2001

  • A Primer on Sequence Methods

    Andrew Abbott•Organization Science•1990

  • The Conceptualization and Analysis of Change Over Time

    Open Access•David Chan•Organizational Research Methods•1998

  • Motivation through the design of work

    Open Access•J Richard Hackman, Greg R Oldham•Organizational Behavior and Human…•1976

  • Talking Shop and Shooting the Breeze

    Open Access•Shannon E Holleran, Jessica Whitehead et al.•Social Psychological and…•2011

  • An examination of attributions and emotions in the transactional approach to the organizational stress process

    Open Access•Pamela L Perrewe, Kelly L Zellars•Journal of Organizational Behavior•1999

  • Stability, change, and the stability of change in daily workplace affect

    Open Access•Daniel J Beal, Louma Ghandour•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2010

  • Supplemental Material for Yes, But What’s the Mechanism? (Don’t Expect an Easy Answer)

    John Bullock, Donald Green et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2010

  • Philosophy of Science

    Alex Rosenberg, Lee Mcintyre et al.•Philosophy of Science•2019

Unique citing works16
Citations per year1,45
Citation span2015 - 2026 (12)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 16

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