Ethnicity and independence
The case of Estonia in comparative perspective
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12299665 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Andrus Park (Estonian Academy of Sciences, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1994 |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 69-87 |
| Publication date | 1994-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Europe Asia Studies (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0966-8136 • E-ISSN: 1465-3427 |
| Publisher | Routledge (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/09668139408412150 |
| OpenAlex | W2027209598 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 24 |
| References cited | 3 |
after the independence declaration, there was (at least on the surface) a decline in the intensity of ethnic tensions; many public signs of ethnic conflict were displayed less vividly in 1991-93 than in 1988-91; * there was an asymmetry of post-imperial changes in different social sub-systems from an ethnic point of view: the official political elite and state apparatus were visibly Estonianised, and migration trends changed rapidly; while education, mass media, economic activity, etc. witnessed only modest adjustments in that period; * the Russian movement in Estonia grappled with a serious adaptation crisis in 1991-93; * Estonia's citizenship policy followed a quite strict restorationist strategy until the September 1992 elections, after which a trend toward liberalisation occurred; * there were two main directions of international pressures in regard to Estonia's citizenship and minorities policy in 1991-93: the governments of the Western countries and the main interstate organisation were mostly friendly, while Russia was sharply critical. The Western media and human rights organisations also often expressed disapproval of Estonia's policies; * compared with many other post-communist states (Moldova, former Yugoslavia, the Transcaucasian states, even former Czecho-Slovakia) the minorities and citizenship policy in Estonia in 1991-93 appeared to be quite successful: the visible signs of ethnic tensions diminished; violence or active separatism on ethnic grounds was avoided; Estonia's integration into European and other international organisations was generally successful
Citizenship · Communism · Declaration of independence · Development economics · Economics · Elite · Ethnic group · Independence (probability theory · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · State (computer science · Cross-Border Cooperation and Integration · European Politics and Security · Historical Geopolitical and Social Dynamics · Law
Russia and Estonian security dilemmas
The Domestic and International Consequences of Citizenship in the Soviet Successor States
Rethinking Russia's post‐soviet Diaspora
Societal Security', the Baltic States and EU Integration
Alterity-space
Does Russia Matter
Ethnic Schism and the Consolidation of Post-Communist Democracies
Conflict Prevention in Estonia
Russia's Baltic Policy After the Meltdown
The opinion proximity of Russians and Estonians in Estonia during the early 1990s
Electoral systems change in Estonia, 1989–1993
Russia, Estonia and the search for a stable ethno-politics
The democratic experience in divided societies
Brothers in Arms? Estonia’s Defense Forces and the Trojan Horse Dilemma
The Hierarchical Structure of Collectivism
The Ethnic Democracy Thesis and the Citizenship Question in Estonia and Latvia
Explaining ethnic polarization over attitudes towards minority rights in Eastern Europe
Systems of Partial Control
Les détenus étrangers en Europe
Preference for Presidentialism
Political parties and citizenship legislation change in EU28 countries, 1992–2013
Identity and democracy in the Baltics
Internet Voting in Comparative Perspective
Peoples and States after 1989
| Unique citing works | 24 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,77 |
| Citation span | 1995 - 2025 (31) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 24 |