Striking the balance

The environment has many of the properties that economists associate with the concept of a public good. It has long been realized that, if left to itself, the market economy is likely to lead to an undersupply of public goods and, in the environmental area, to an insufficient use of resources to preserve environmental quality. Economics research in this area has concentrated on three central issues. First, exactly why is it that a market economy fails to allocate resources efficiently in the presence of environmental public goods or externalities? Second, how can one assess the economic value of environmental goods? Third, what kinds of policy are best suited for the protection of the environment, e.g. should one rely on tax and price incentives or on quantitative regulations? This article discusses these questions and also describes the evolution of the economic perspective on the environment, from a concern with local problems to focus on international and global issues of environmental pollution

Balance (ability · Economics · Environmental economics · Environmental quality · Externality · Incentive · Market failure · Microeconomics · Natural resource economics · Private good · Public economics · Public good · Quality (philosophy · Value (mathematics · Climate Change Policy and Economics · Economic and Environmental Valuation · Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth

• The Contingent Valuation Debate

  Open Access•Paul R Portney•The Journal of Economic…•1994

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