Associations Between Built Environment Factors and Sars-CoV-2 Infections at the Neighbourhood Level in a Metropolitan Area in Germany
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12474196 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Dennis Schmiege (0000-0002-4450-9680, University of Duisburg-Essen, corresponding author), Timo Haselhoff (0000-0001-7284-3734, University of Duisburg-Essen), Salman Ahmed (0000-0002-0861-9823, University of Duisburg-Essen), Olympia E Anastasiou (0000-0003-2178-3182, University of Duisburg-Essen), Susanne Moebus (0000-0002-0072-5410, University of Duisburg-Essen) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 100 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 40-50 |
| Publication date | 2023-01-12 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Urban Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1099-3460 • E-ISSN: 1468-2869 |
| Publisher | Springer Science+Business Media (PUBLISHER • DE) |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11524-022-00708-5 |
| PMID | 36635521 |
| OpenAlex | W4315778640 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 8 |
| References cited | 52 |
COVID-19-related health outcomes displayed distinct geographical patterns within countries. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 requires close spatial proximity of people, which can be influenced by the built environment. Only few studies have analysed SARS-CoV-2 infections related to the built environment within urban areas at a high spatial resolution. This study examined the association between built environment factors and SARS-CoV-2 infections in a metropolitan area in Germany. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections of 7866 citizens of Essen between March 2020 and May 2021 were analysed, aggregated at the neighbourhood level. We performed spatial regression analyses to investigate associations between the cumulative number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 inhabitants (cum. SARS-CoV-2 infections) up to 31.05.2021 and built environment factors. The cum. SARS-CoV-2 infections in neighbourhoods (median: 11.5, IQR: 8.1-16.9) followed a marked socially determined north-south gradient. The effect estimates of the adjusted spatial regression models showed negative associations with urban greenness, i.e. normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (adjusted β = - 35.36, 95% CI: - 57.68; - 13.04), rooms per person (- 10.40, - 13.79; - 7.01), living space per person (- 0.51, - 0.66; - 0.36), and residential (- 0.07, 0.16; 0.01) and commercial areas (- 0.15, - 0.25; - 0.05). Residential areas with multi-storey buildings (- 0.03, - 0.12; 0.06) and green space (0.03, - 0.05; 0.11) did not show a substantial association. Our results suggest that the built environment matters for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections, such as more spacious apartments or higher levels of urban greenness are associated with lower infection rates at the neighbourhood level. The unequal intra-urban distribution of these factors emphasizes prevailing environmental health inequalities regarding the COVID-19 pandemic
Biology · Built environment · Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 · Disease · Environmental health · Geography · Infectious disease (medical specialty · Level design · Metropolitan area · Neighbourhood (mathematics · Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 · COVID-19 epidemiological studies · Demography · Medicine · Place Attachment and Urban Studies · Urban Green Space and Health · Ecology
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| Unique citing works | 8 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,67 |
| Citation span | 2023 - 2025 (3) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 8 |