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Realistic evaluation of social inclusion

Bibliographic Data

ID12567774
AuthorsMarko Nousiainen (0000-0003-2418-5049, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, corresponding author), Lars Leemann (0000-0003-3268-5780, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare)
Year2023
Volume30
Issue2
Pages288-305
Publication date2023-11-29
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEvaluation (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1356-3890 • E-ISSN: 1461-7153
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/13563890231210328
OpenAlexW4389143644
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited21

This study introduces a mixed-method model for the realistic evaluation of programmes promoting the experience of social inclusion of people in disadvantaged positions. It combines qualitative and quantitative methods for exploring the context-mechanism-outcome- configurations of four cases consisting of development projects. Qualitative analyses depict the context-mechanism-outcome-configurations using participants’ interviews and small success stories as data. Quantitative analyses of a longitudinal survey including the Experiences of Social Inclusion Scale examine the context-mechanism-outcome-configurations in a larger group of participants and re-test the qualitative findings. Thus, they help to overcome the positive selection bias of the small success stories. The mixed-method approach is fruitful especially because the qualitative and the quantitative analyses amend each other’s shortcomings. In the promotion of social inclusion, it is important to help people to see themselves as active agents and allow them to connect to larger social domains

Context (archaeology · Disadvantaged · Epistemology · Inclusion (mineral · Mechanism (biology · Outcome (game theory · Political science · Promotion (chess · Qualitative property · Qualitative research · Scale (ratio · Social science · Sociology · Applied Psychology · Community Health and Development · Computer Science · Evaluation and Performance Assessment · Health Policy Implementation Science · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • The association between locus of control and quality of life in involuntary psychiatric treatment – the mediating effect of social inclusion

    Open Access•Maisa Sutinen, Anna-Sofia Holappa et al.•Social Work in Mental Health•2026

  • Outcomes of Diaconal Work Promoting Social Inclusion at Lahti Diaconia Institute, Finland

    Open Access•Anne-Maria Karjalainen, Tiina Mäkelä et al.•Diaconia•2025

  • School Bullying and the Experience of Social Inclusion Among Finnish Adolescent Boys and Girls

    Open Access•Lotta Virrankari, Riikka Ikonen et al.•Child & Youth Care Forum•2026

  • Robotour for Seniors – A Co-Learning Model to Enhance Robot Literacy among Older Adults in the Care Home Context

    Open Access•Aino Ahtinen, Aparajita Chowdhury et al.•International Journal of Social…•2025

  • Transnational Ties and Ukrainian Students’ Social Inclusion in Slovakia

    Open Access•Martina Chrančoková, Ludmila Mitkova•Social Inclusion•2026

  • Co-creation in commissioning complex public services

    Open Access•Taina Schneider, Harri Raisio et al.•Public Management Review•2026

  • Activating Dormant Capabilities on the Social Holidays – the Experience of Social Inclusion as a Conversion Factor

    Open Access•Erika Mäntylä, Marko Nousiainen et al.•Journal of Human Development•2026

  • Small Stories Research

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  • Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Experiences of Social Inclusion Scale

    Open Access•Lars Leemann, Tuija Martelin et al.•Journal of Human Development•2022

  • To mean something to someone”

    Open Access•Karen Van der Veken, Emelien Lauwerier et al.•International Journal for Equity…•2020

  • On social and psychological consequences of prolonged poverty–A longitudinal narrative study from Finland

    Open Access•Anna-Maria Isola, Lotta Virrankari et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2021

  • Narrative Assessment

    Open Access•Margit Van Wessel•Evaluation•2018

  • A realist diagnostic workshop

    Open Access•Ray Pawson, Ana Manzano et al.•Evaluation•2012

  • Methodological reflections on using qualitative research to explore the causal mechanisms of complex health interventions

    Open Access•Chris Bonell, Emily Warren et al.•Evaluation•2022

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    Open Access•Rasmus Lind Ravn, Rasmus Ravn•Evaluation•2019

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    Open Access•Rod Sheaff, Natasha Doran et al.•Evaluation•2021

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    Open Access•Mansoor A F Kazi, Brian Pagkos et al.•Research on Social Work Practice•2010

  • Social Inclusion

    Open Access•Giles Slinger, Simon Deakin•Capital & Class•2002

  • Understanding Social Inclusion and Its Meaning for Australia

    Open Access•H Silver•Australian Journal of Social Issues•2010

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    Open Access•Ana Manzano•Evaluation•2016

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Citations per year7
Citation span2025 - 2026 (2)
Highly citedNo

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