Uralians and Yeniseians

To assess the agreement between recent paleogenomic data concerning the origin of Uralic- and Yeniseian-speaking populations and craniometric data, measurements of 109 recent and ancient male cranial samples were compared using multivariate statistics. Results do not contradict the conclusions reached by geneticists and partly support them by revealing ties between the Neolithic sample from Yakutia and the Bronze Age group from Tatarka Hill in the southern Chulym basin, and between the latter and modern Uralic-speaking groups. Also, the sample from Tatarka Hill exhibits ties with Yukaghirs. As in the case of genomics, Nganasans are the “easternmost” Uralic population. The other Northern Samoyedic group, Nenets, may have migrated from the Altai, in agreement with certain ethnographic facts. Likewise, craniometry does not contradict genomics by showing that Late Neolithic and Bronze Age Cisbaikalians could have been the earliest known ancestors of the Kets. N.L. Chhlenova’s hypothesis about the Yeniseian affinities of the Karasuk people is directly upheld by genetics, but only indirectly by craniometry. The latter supports L.A. Chindina’s idea that Kulaika people spoke Samoyedic. Other claims of archaeologists and linguists about the Samoyedic or Yeniseian attribution of various Siberian Bronze and Early Iron Age cultures are unsupported by craniometric data. The accretion of morphologically “western” traits in Uralians in the east-to-west direction was caused by two “western” components—steppe and Mesolithic Northeast European. In the west of the Uralic distribution area, both these components were substratal. An important factor in the origin of Baltic Finns and Komi was the adoption of Finnic languages by pre-Finnic populations of Northeastern Europe

Bronze · Bronze Age · Dialog box · Ethnic group · Ethnography · Iron Age · Mesolithic · Sample (material · Forensic and Genetic Research · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

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• New paleoanthropological materials from the Early Tesinskaya culture tombs of the Minusinsk Basin

  Open Access•E N Uchaneva, Tatiana Savenkova•Camera praehistorica•2019

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• Craniometric characteristics of the Ust-Ishim people (The Southern Taiga part of the Irtysh Basin, late 1st – Early 2nd Millennia AD)

  Open Access•O E Poshekhonova•Archaeology Ethnology and…•2011

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• New Craniometric Evidence on the Origin of the Karelians (The Kylalahti Kalmistomäki Burial Ground)

  Open Access•I Khartanovich, V I Khartanovich et al.•Archaeology Ethnology and…•2010

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• Okunev Culture and the Dene-Caucasian Macrofamily

  Open Access•Alexander Kozintsev•Archaeology Ethnology and…•2023

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• Craniological sources on the problem of ethnogenesis of the Narym Selkups

  Open Access•A N Bagashev•Vestnik arheologii, antropologii…•2021

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• The Indogermanic Mother Language and Mother Tribes Complex1

  Open Access•C C Uhlenbeck•American Anthropologist•1937

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