Counting in Tongan

The Traditional Number Systems and Their Cognitive Implications

Bibliographic Data

ID12823076
AuthorsAndrea Bender (0000-0001-9542-2975, University of Freiburg, corresponding author), Sieghard Beller (University of Freiburg)
Year2007
Volume7
Issue3-4
Pages213-239
Publication date2007-01-01
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Cognition and Culture (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1567-7095 • E-ISSN: 1568-5373
PublisherBrill (PUBLISHER • NL)
DOI10.1163/156853707x208495
OpenAlexW1967805849
LanguageEN
Citations received5

Is the application of more than one number system in a particular culture necessarily an indication of not having abstracted a general concept of number? Does this mean that specific number systems for certain objects are cognitively deficient? The opposite is the case with the traditional number systems in Tongan, where a consistent decimal system is supplemented by diverging systems for certain objects, in which 20 seems to play a special role. Based on an analysis of their linguistic, historical and cultural context, we will show that the supplementary systems did not precede the general system, but were rather derived from it. Especially when notation is lacking, having such supplementary systems can even yield cognitive advantages. In using larger counting units, they both abbreviate counting and expand the limits of the general system, thus facilitating the cognitive task of mental arithmetic

Arithmetic · Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Cognitive science · Cognitive systems · Context (archaeology · Decimal · Epistemology · Linguistics · Notation · Philosophy of mind · Task (project management · Computer Science · Historical Linguistics and Language Studies · History · Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis · Mathematics · Philosophy · Psychology · Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation

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