Rethinking of the Pre-Modern East Asian Region Order
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12847890 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Bong-Jin Kim (The University of Kitakyushu, corresponding author), Bongjin Kim |
| Year | 2002 |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 67-101 |
| Publication date | 2002-08-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of East Asian Studies (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1598-2408 • E-ISSN: 2234-6643 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s1598240800000916 |
| OpenAlex | W2321888708 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 19 |
The preconceived image of the pre-modern East Asian region order, known commonly as the tributary system, is problematic. That is because it is represented by ‘the Other’ — not only the external (Westerners) but also the internal (Asians) — and in turn the inaccurate image has gone on reproducing, expanding, and dominating. In order to solve this problem, in question, this paper will first critically review the preconceived image of the pre-modern Chinese world order and identify the problems of Orientalism and modernism. Then, in search for a real image, the paper reinterprets Confucian ideas and concepts as the principles undergirding the pre-modern East Asian regional order. The paper also discusses the Korean kyorin system, one of the subsystems of the pre-modern East Asian order. The objective is to decipher the ways in which Korea interpreted and institutionalized the Confucian ideas on foreign policy or international relationships during the Choson dynasty (1392–1910). By doing these, we can describe a more real image of the pre-modern East Asian region order. The more “real” interstate relationship was based on li (principle) and li * (rites), and harmonized with another concept of gong (the public/publicness), as shown by pingfen or junfen (the fairly allocated). Based on such conceptions of the human world, the pre-modern East Asian regional order was divided into different territories and dominions, each with its own sovereign. Once the formality of the suzerain and tributary state was recognized, moreover, China did not intervene in the internal and external affairs of the tributary as well as hushi (a foreign trade system) states. Like interpersonal relationships, interstate ones were hierarchic, but they were also based on the idea of reciprocity, fair allocation as well as impartiality, harmony, and coexistence
Asian values · China · East Asia · Economics · Economy · Formality · Order (exchange · Political science · Politics · Sovereignty · Asian Culture and Media Studies · Chinese history and philosophy · History · Japanese History and Culture · Law
Sources of Chinese tradition
After Virtue
Liberalism and the Limits of Justice
Historical Notes on the Chinese World Order
Sino-Korean Tributary Relations in the Ch’ing Period
The Chinese Perception of World Order, Past and Present
The Chinese World Order
Early Ming Relations With Southeast Asia
The Last Phase of the East Asian World Order
The Anarchical Society
State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan
The Last Phase of the East Asian World Order
Asian Values and Human Rights
China at the Center
State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan
The Anarchical Society
| Highly cited | No |
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