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The language of the crowd

Public congregation in Urban India

Bibliographic Data

ID12848530
AuthorsA Gandhi (0000-0002-0281-3748, Max Planck Institute for Political and Social Science, corresponding author)
Year2016
Volume17
Issue3
Pages308-315
Publication date2016-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueDistinktion Journal of Social Theory (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1600-910X • E-ISSN: 2159-9149
PublisherRoutledge (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/1600910x.2016.1265570
OpenAlexW2561957267
LanguageEN
Citations received6
References cited6

This essay details the fascination, apprehension, and ambivalence associated with mass crowds and public congregation in urban north India. Most studies of the crowd adopt a classed bourgeois or state planner’s perspective. As a result, the crowd is conceptually held at arm’s length, its complexities flattened as it is viewed from the outside. In studies of India, the popular and subaltern, made interchangeable with the crowd, is often viewed via prevailing concerns. This essay adopts another approach: it considers the internal, organic language used for crowds in urban north India. Drawing on an ethnography of male sociality in Old Delhi, it examines khalbali, which may refer both to undesirable crowd panics and excessive collective pleasure; dhakka mukki, for being hurtled helter-skelter in the metropolis, pushing and shoving onto the bus or Metro; and bheed, for congested crowds that nevertheless retain their allure. These terms inform a gendered and classed vocabulary of public sociality; mainly men partake of crowds that unfold in popular, plebeian areas of the city. This essay considers these grounded terms vis-à-vis the prevailing social science understanding of the crowd

Aesthetics · Crowds · Ethnography · Media studies · Social science · Sociality · Sociology · Anthropological Studies and Insights · Anthropology · Computer Science · Crime, Deviance, and Social Control · South Asian Cinema and Culture

  • A politics of density

    Open Access•Colin Mcfarlane•Urban Studies•2026

  • Shock and shove

    Open Access•A Gandhi•South Asian History and Culture•2021

  • Density textures

    Open Access•Colin Mcfarlane, Kristian Saguin et al.•Urban Geography•2025

  • It Will Get Crowded, It Will Get Dull

    Open Access•Sabrina Stallone•City & Society•2026

  • Unequal taxi geographies

    Open Access•Arijit Mazumdar•Environment and Planning D…•2025

  • Problematising density

    Open Access•Abigail Joiner, Colin Mcfarlane et al.•Social & Cultural Geography•2024

  • The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India

    Gyanendra Pandey•The Construction of Communalism…•2012

  • The Politics of Crowds

    Open Access•C Borch•Politics of Crowds•2012

  • Theft of an Idol

    Paul R Brass•Theft of an Idol•1997

  • Leveling Crowds

    Stanley J Tambiah•Leveling Crowds: Ethnonationalist…•1996

  • Standing Still and Cutting in Line

    Open Access•A Gandhi•South Asia Multidisciplinary…•2013

Unique citing works6
Citations per year1,2
Citation span2021 - 2026 (6)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 5

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