Earth system models
An overview
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12929140 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Gregory M Flato (0000-0002-9811-3067, University of Victoria, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 783-800 |
| Publication date | 2011-11-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1757-7780 • E-ISSN: 1757-7799 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/wcc.148 |
| OpenAlex | W2063337234 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 15 |
| References cited | 41 |
Earth System models (ESMs) are global climate models with the added capability to explicitly represent biogeochemical processes that interact with the physical climate and so alter its response to forcing such as that associated with human‐caused emissions of greenhouse gases. Representing the global carbon cycle allows for feedbacks between the physical climate and the biological and chemical processes in the ocean and on land that take up some of the emitted carbon dioxide and so act to reduce warming. The sulfur cycle is also important in that both natural and human emissions of sulfur contribute to the production of sulfate aerosols which reflect incoming solar radiation (a direct cooling effect) and alter cloud properties (an indirect cooling effect). Other components such as ozone are also being incorporated into some ESMs. Evaluating the physical component of an ESM is becoming increasingly comprehensive and sophisticated, but the evaluation of the biogeochemical components suffer somewhat from a lack of comprehensive global‐scale observational data. Nevertheless, such models provide valuable insight into climate variability and change, and the role of human activities and possible mitigation actions on future climate change. Internationally coordinated experiments are increasingly important in providing a multimodel ensemble of climate simulations, thereby taking advantage of some ‘cancellation of errors’ and allowing better quantification of uncertainty. WIREs Clim Change 2011, 2:783–800. doi: 10.1002/wcc.148 This article is categorized under: Climate Models and Modeling > Earth System Models
Atmospheric sciences · Biogeochemical cycle · Carbon cycle · Climate change · Climate model · Climatology · Earth system science · Ecosystem · Forcing (mathematics · Geography · Global warming · Greenhouse gas · Meteorology · Radiative forcing · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Climate variability and models · Environmental Science · Marine and coastal ecosystems · Ecology
The Community Earth System Model
“GreenComp” as a tool for examining motivation of vocational teachers to create learning opportunities for the green transition
Modeling the climatic effects of large explosive volcanic eruptions
A brief review of the coupled human-Earth system modeling
Counter-modelling the Plantationocene
Influence of dynamic vegetation on carbon-nitrogen cycle feedback in the Community Land Model (CLM4)
Coupling natural-social models can better quantify the interactions in achieving carbon neutrality in China
Changes and drivers of vegetation productivity in China’s drylands under climate change
Integrated human-earth system modeling—state of the science and future directions
Rusem
Whose climate and whose ethics? Conceptions of justice in solar geoengineering modelling
Behavioral models of climate change adaptation and mitigation in land‐based sectors
Climate projections for ecologists
Building confidence in climate model projections
From planetary scenarios to planetary sensing
Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model
The WCRP Cmip3 Multimodel Dataset
‘Earth system’ analysis and the second Copernican revolution
Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo
Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms
Climate–Carbon Cycle Feedback Analysis
The utility of Earth system Models of Intermediate Complexity (Emics)
| Citations per year | 1.07 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2012 - 2026 (15) |
| Highly cited | No |