The Southern Annular Mode
Variability, trends, and climate impacts across the Southern Hemisphere
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12929683 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ryan L Fogt (0000-0002-5398-3990, Ohio University, corresponding author), G J Marshall (0000-0001-8887-7314, British Antarctic Survey) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Publication date | 2020-05-19 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1757-7780 • E-ISSN: 1757-7799 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/wcc.652 |
| OpenAlex | W3027221580 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 14 |
| References cited | 186 |
The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the leading mode of extratropical Southern Hemisphere climate variability, associated with changes in the strength and position of the polar jet around Antarctica. This variability in the polar jet drives large fluctuations in the Southern Hemisphere climate, from the lower stratosphere into the troposphere, and stretching from the midlatitudes across the Southern Ocean to Antarctica. Notably, the SAM index has displayed marked positive trends in the austral summer season (stronger and poleward shifted westerlies), associated with stratospheric ozone loss. Historical reconstructions demonstrate that these recent positive SAM index values are unprecedented in the last millennia, and fall outside the range of natural climate variability. Despite these advances in the understanding of the SAM behavior, several areas of active research are identified that highlight gaps in our present knowledge. This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Earth System Behavior
Antarctic oscillation · Atmospheric sciences · Climate change · Climatology · Extratropical cyclone · Geography · Jet (fluid · Jet stream · Middle latitudes · Northern Hemisphere · Ozone Depletion · Polar front · Polar vortex · Southern Hemisphere · Stratosphere · Troposphere · Westerlies · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Climate variability and models · Environmental Science · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Geology · Oceanography
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| Citations per year | 2.8 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2021 - 2026 (6) |
| Highly cited | No |