Creative Adaptive Criminal Entrepreneurs from Africa and Human Trafficking in Belgium
Case Studies of Traffickers from Nigeria and Morocco
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12969800 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Johan Leman (KU Leuven, corresponding author), Stefan Janssens (0000-0002-3609-1122, KU Leuven) |
| Year | 2013 |
| Volume | 2 |
| Pages | 153-162 |
| Publication date | 2013-04-30 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Journal of Criminology and Sociology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1929-4409 • E-ISSN: 1929-4409 |
| Publisher | Lifescience Global (PUBLISHER • CA) |
| DOI | 10.6000/1929-4409.2013.02.15 |
| OpenAlex | W2164524707 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 11 |
The article is based on 48 Belgian judicial files (27 Nigerian and 21 Moroccan ones), that concern the practices that created victims of human trafficking from Nigeria and Morocco in Belgium and some neighbouring countries. We discover that the most efficient criminal entrepreneurs are the very flexible ones, who continuously adapt, learn, dare to diversify, and sometimes also to internationalize (but mostly with African partners). An important difference with the Eastern European criminals whom we studied in former research, is that the Africans most of the time do not look for coverage of their practices through legal firms. Their learning practice remains re-active; until 2012 it does not really become pro-active. There is no pro-active longer term vision and no intention to create legal structures that hide their praxis
Business · Criminology · Human trafficking · Organised crime · Political science · Praxis · Sociology · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk · Law · Sex work and related issues
| Unique citing works | 2 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,18 |
| Citation span | 2015 - 2015 (1) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 2 |