The French Experiment

In 1785, Thomas Jefferson printed his plan for ending slavery in Virginia: all slaves born after a certain date should be free, and the state should educate the freed children, colonize them to some hospitable location, and then support the new nation until it was strong enough for independence. For a Virginian like Jefferson, emancipation seemed most possible when imagined in tandem with racial separation. However, while living in Europe during the late 1780s, Jefferson and his young secretary William Short began devising an alternative, much more inclusive plan to end slavery: import German laborers, mingle them with African-descended workers, and use European tenant farming—or métayage—to transition slaves to freedom. Although neither of Jefferson’s plans came to fruition, examining his and Short’s correspondence from the 1780s through the 1820s offers new insights into Jefferson’s thought on immigration, race, and the possibility of a multiracial republic

Archaeology · Emancipation · German · Immigration · Independence (probability theory · Political science · Politics · Race (biology · Sociology · State (computer science · American Constitutional Law and Politics · American History and Culture · Classics · Gender Studies · History · Law · Race, History, and American Society

• Soul by Soul

  Walter Johnson•Soul by Soul•2009

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• Racial Equality, Slavery, and Colonial Secession during the Constituent Assembly

  David Geggus•The American Historical Review•1989

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• The Anatomy of Blackness

  G Newberry, George T Newberry•French History•2013

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• Thomas Jefferson and Historical Self‐Construction

  Open Access•Robert M S Mcdonald•Historian•1998

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• Institutional analysis of food and agriculture policy in the Caribbean

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• The Dubious Democrat

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• Thomas Jefferson's Travels in Europe, 1784-1789

  Garrett Ward Sheldon, George Green Shackelford•Journal of American History•1995

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• Metayage' in Western France

  Henry N Higgs, Henry Higgs•The Economic Journal•1894

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• The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770-1823

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• The Societe des Amis des Noirs and the Abolition of Slavery

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• Amelioration and Empire

  John Patrick Daly•Journal of American History•2016

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• The Hemingses of Monticello

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• The Iberian Roots of American Racist Thought

  James H Sweet•The William and Mary Quarterly•1997

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• The Best Poor Man's Country

  Open Access•Douglas R Mcmanis, James T Lemon•Geographical Review•1973

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• Bind Us Apart

  Robert L Tsai•Journal of American History•2017

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• The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery, 1776-1848

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• Poor in Love Mr. Short

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• The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography

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• Principle and Interest

  Cathy Matson, Herbert E Sloan•The William and Mary Quarterly•1997

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• The Diplomatic Career of William Short

  Myrna Boyce•The Journal of Modern History•1943

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• Atlantic Slavery, Atlantic Freedom

  François Furstenberg, François Furstenberg François Furstenberg•The William and Mary Quarterly•2011

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