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Quantifying Coach Confirmation

The Development and Preliminary Validation of the Coach Confirmation Instrument

Bibliographic Data

ID13049293
AuthorsGregory A Cranmer (0000-0001-5389-2688, Clemson University, corresponding author), Maria Brann (0000-0002-9820-4145, University of Indianapolis), Keith Weber (0000-0001-8877-1552, Chapman University)
Year2016
Volume5
Issue6
Pages751-769
Publication date2016-07-21
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueCommunication & Sport (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2167-4795 • E-ISSN: 2167-4809
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/2167479516660037
OpenAlexW2501391829
LanguageEN
Citations received5
References cited37

The lack of appropriate measurement to assess athlete-coach interaction and athletes’ psychological states has historically plagued sport studies research (i.e., an encompassing term for sport psychology, management, sociology, and communication) and may partially explain the lack of empirical research regarding athlete-coach interaction within the emerging field of sport communication. Without valid and reliable tools to assess athlete-coach interactions, understanding the antecedents and outcomes of these relationships, which is a central aim of sport communication research, cannot be accomplished. This article develops and demonstrates validity for a measure of the coach confirmation instrument (CCI) via two studies. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis produced a 15-item, two-factor measure (challenge and acceptance). In Study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this two-factor structure had an acceptable-to-good fit using a variety of fit indices. Additionally, preliminary degrees of validity for the CCI were demonstrated through Pearson correlations with athletes’ feeling of being confirmed, coach satisfaction, and perceptions of coach verbal aggression. Collectively, these studies indicate the CCI is a structurally stable measure, which demonstrates good reliability and initial degrees of face, concurrent, convergent, discriminant, and content validity

Athletes · Concurrent validity · Confirmatory factor analysis · Convergent validity · Developmental psychology · Discriminant validity · Empirical research · Exploratory factor analysis · Face validity · Internal consistency · Psychometrics · Reliability (semiconductor · Sport Psychology · Statistics · Structural equation modeling · Validity · Applied Psychology · Communication in Education and Healthcare · Psychology · Social Psychology · Sport Psychology and Performance · Sports, Gender, and Society

  • Communication for the win

    Gregory A Cranmer, Gregory Cranmer et al.•Communication Quarterly•2020

  • Division-I Student-Athletes’ Affective and Cognitive Responses to Receiving Confirmation From Their Head Coach

    Open Access•Gregory A Cranmer, Ryan J Gagnon et al.•Communication & Sport•2019

  • Challenge Me!”

    Open Access•Gregory A Cranmer, Maria Brann et al.•Communication & Sport•2016

  • Detrimental to the Team Dynamic”

    Open Access•Rikishi T Rey, Zac D Johnson•Communication & Sport•2021

  • High School Athletes’ Reports of Confirmation as a Function of Starting Status and Leader–Member Exchange

    Open Access•Gregory A Cranmer, Emily Arnson et al.•Communication & Sport•2018

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  • Factor Retention Decisions in Exploratory Factor Analysis

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  • Contradicting Coach or Grumbling to Teammates

    Open Access•Jeffrey W Kassing, Rachael L Anderson•Communication & Sport•2013

  • Communication and Sport, Where Art Thou? Epistemological Reflections on the Moment and Field(s) of Play

    Open Access•Lawrence A Wenner•Communication & Sport•2015

  • Sports Teams as Organizations

    Open Access•Gregory A Cranmer, Scott A Myers•Communication & Sport•2014

  • Verbal aggressiveness

    Dominic A Infante, Charles J Wigley•Communication Monographs•1986

  • Confirmation and Weight Management

    René M Dailey, Andrea A Mccracken et al.•Communication Monographs•2011

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  • Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling

    Open Access•Nassim Tabri, Craig M Elliott•Canadian Graduate Journal of…•2012

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    Open Access•Peter M Bentler, Chih-Ping Chou•Sociological Methods & Research•1987

  • Confirmation in Couples' Communication About Weight Management

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    Open Access•Kirsten Ellis•Human Communication Research•2000

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Unique citing works5
Citations per year0,5
Citation span2016 - 2021 (6)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 5

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