Лексемы, обозначающие радугу, в монгольских языках. Часть 2

Introduction. The article continues our research into lexemes denoting rainbow in Mongolic languages. The material of the study is the differences in various dictionaries of written Mongolian, Middle Mongolian and modern Mongolian languages, by dialects of Mongolian languages. As a result of the analysis of lexicographic sources, 10 names of the rainbow were identified, among the main ones are reflexes from the Proto-Mongolian *solaŋga in modern Mongolian languages. Some of these nominations are figurative in nature, which indicates, in our opinion, the taboo nature of naming the rainbow. Among them, there are also such names that retain the rudiments of archaic beliefs of a pre-Buddhist nature. In the bases of semantic transitions, such shifts in semantics were not found. The presence of a simple concept of its own in the Mongolian countries, the absence of a more extended collocation network shows, in our opinion, that the ancestors of the Mongolian peoples lived in a territory with a cold and cold climate, where conditions for showing rainbows in the sky rarely arose. Perhaps, they lived in such relations for some time, therefore, in communication there is no tracking of the reflection of a more branched structure of the concept. If the latter have developed additional meanings by transferring names to borderline phenomena (for example, in Mongolian languages the same words denote wind and air, wind and rain, etc., or in Tungus-Manchu languages thunderstorm and thunder, thunderstorm and lightning, in other languages similar semantic transitions are also denoted), then in the words of rainbow in Mongolian languages semantic transitions are not mentioned, although some of them indicate a possible transition rainbow → animal

Etymology · Lexicology · Lexicon · Literal and figurative language · Negation · Semantics (computer science · Taboo · Word formation · Linguistics and Cultural Studies · Linguistics and language evolution · Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology